[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":828},["ShallowReactive",2],{"tag-labels":3,"site-header":4,"article-rate-limiting-algorithms-token-bucket-leaky-bucket-sliding-window-id":72},{},{"featuredPost":5,"navigations":29},{"id":6,"title":7,"title_en":8,"slug":9,"excerpt":10,"excerpt_en":11,"has_translation":12,"published_at":13,"reading_time":14,"hidden_from_listing":15,"tags":16,"thumbnail_image":21,"og_image":22,"series":23,"authors":28},110,"Ketika Pilih Framework Cuma Biar Kelihatan Beda","When You Pick a Framework Just to Look Different","ketika-pilih-framework-cuma-biar-kelihatan-beda","Terakhir kali kamu milih framework atau library baru, itu karena masalahmu butuh alat itu, atau karena alatnya kedengaran keren dan belum banyak yang pakai? Pertanyaan ini nggak enak dijawab. Soalnya keputusan teknologi sering diambil dengan alasan yang nggak pernah ditulis di dokumen teknis mana pun.","The last time you chose a new framework or library, was it because your problem needed that tool, or because it sounded cool and few people around you were using it? That question is uncomfortable. Technology decisions are often made for reasons that never appear in any technical document.",true,"2026-10-06T15:25:21.000Z",5,false,[17,18,19,20],"karier","framework","opini","pengalaman",null,"\u002Fog\u002Fketika-pilih-framework-cuma-biar-kelihatan-beda.png",{"id":24,"title":25,"title_en":26,"slug":27},9,"Artikel","Articles","all",[],[30,46,67],{"collection":31,"item":32},"series",{"__typename":31,"title":25,"title_en":26,"slug":27,"children_series":33},[34,38,42],{"title":35,"title_en":36,"slug":37},"Kecerdasan Artifisial","Artificial Intelligence","kecerdasan-artifisial",{"title":39,"title_en":40,"slug":41},"Konsep Dasar Pemrograman","Programming Fundamentals","konsep-dasar-pemrograman",{"title":43,"title_en":44,"slug":45},"Algoritma dan Struktur Data","Algorithms and Data Structures","algoritma-struktur-data",{"collection":31,"item":47},{"__typename":31,"title":48,"title_en":48,"slug":49,"children_series":50},"Tutorial","tutorial",[51,55,59,63],{"title":52,"title_en":53,"slug":54},"Belajar Python","Learning Python","belajar-python",{"title":56,"title_en":57,"slug":58},"Belajar Golang","Learning Go","belajar-golang",{"title":60,"title_en":61,"slug":62},"Belajar Java","Learning Java","belajar-java",{"title":64,"title_en":65,"slug":66},"Belajar Pascal","Learning Pascal","belajar-pascal",{"collection":31,"item":68},{"__typename":31,"title":69,"title_en":69,"slug":70,"children_series":71},"Lab","lab",[],{"article":73,"renderedBody":707,"renderedTakeaway":708,"latestArticles":709,"toc":806},{"id":74,"title":75,"title_en":75,"slug":76,"excerpt":77,"excerpt_en":78,"has_translation":12,"published_at":79,"reading_time":14,"hidden_from_listing":15,"tags":80,"thumbnail_image":21,"og_image":88,"series":89,"authors":699,"body_locale":702,"available_locales":703,"body":705,"takeway":706,"prerequisite":21},45,"Rate Limiting Algorithms: Token Bucket vs Leaky Bucket vs Sliding Window","rate-limiting-algorithms-token-bucket-leaky-bucket-sliding-window","Udah tahu kenapa *rate limiting* itu wajib, tapi masih bingung beda Token Bucket, Leaky Bucket, Fixed Window, dan Sliding Window? Yuk, kita adu empat algoritma ini bareng-bareng dan cari tahu mana yang paling pas buat API kalian!","You already know why *rate limiting* is mandatory, but the difference between Token Bucket, Leaky Bucket, Fixed Window, and Sliding Window is still fuzzy. Let's put all four algorithms side by side and find the one that fits your API.","2026-09-09T01:57:55.886Z",[81,82,83,84,85,86,87],"backend","system-design","rate-limiting","redis","api-gateway","architecture","traffict-management","\u002Fog\u002Frate-limiting-algorithms-token-bucket-leaky-bucket-sliding-window.png",{"id":24,"title":25,"title_en":26,"slug":27,"description":21,"description_en":90,"articles":91,"children_series":692,"parent_series":21},"Everything that isn't a tutorial or a lab: explainers, opinions, and notes from building things.",[92,107,122,136,149,164,179,193,208,222,234,249,272,287,306,324,342,362,378,395,413,428,443,459,474,489,503,519,537,556,561,580,597,609,613,629,643,658,674],{"id":93,"title":94,"title_en":95,"slug":96,"excerpt":97,"excerpt_en":98,"has_translation":12,"published_at":99,"reading_time":14,"hidden_from_listing":15,"tags":100,"thumbnail_image":21,"og_image":104,"series":105,"authors":106},11,"Apa Kabar JavaScript? Rilis State of JS 2022","How's JavaScript Doing? The State of JS 2022 Results Are In","apa-kabar-javascript-rilis-state-of-js-2022","Survei State of JS 2022 resmi dirilis dengan lonjakan responden yang luar biasa! Framework dan build tool apa saja yang berhasil mencuri perhatian tahun ini?","The State of JS 2022 survey is out, and the respondent count jumped hard. Which frameworks and build tools actually stole the year?","2026-06-15T02:36:30.205Z",[101,102,103],"javascript","web","news","\u002Fog\u002Fapa-kabar-javascript-rilis-state-of-js-2022.png",{"id":24,"title":25,"title_en":26,"slug":27},[],{"id":108,"title":109,"title_en":110,"slug":111,"excerpt":112,"excerpt_en":113,"has_translation":12,"published_at":114,"reading_time":14,"hidden_from_listing":15,"tags":115,"thumbnail_image":21,"og_image":119,"series":120,"authors":121},12,"Buat PowerShell Lebih Berwarna dengan Starship","Make PowerShell More Colorful with Starship","buat-powershell-lebih-berwarna-dengan-starship","Bosen sama tampilan PowerShell yang hitam putih dan kaku? Yuk, sulap terminalmu jadi lebih interaktif, estetik, dan berwarna pakai Starship!","Tired of PowerShell looking black, white, and stiff? Turn your terminal into something interactive, aesthetic, and colorful with Starship!","2026-06-15T02:37:24.143Z",[116,117,118],"shell","windows","powershell","\u002Fog\u002Fbuat-powershell-lebih-berwarna-dengan-starship.png",{"id":24,"title":25,"title_en":26,"slug":27},[],{"id":123,"title":124,"title_en":125,"slug":126,"excerpt":127,"excerpt_en":128,"has_translation":12,"published_at":129,"reading_time":14,"hidden_from_listing":15,"tags":130,"thumbnail_image":21,"og_image":133,"series":134,"authors":135},13,"Hal yang Perlu Diperhatikan Sebelum Pindah ke Linux","Things to Consider Before Switching to Linux","hal-yang-perlu-diperhatikan-sebelum-pindah-ke-linux","Tertarik migrasi dari Windows ke Linux tapi masih ragu? Yuk, pelajari kelebihan, kekurangan, dan persiapan penting sebelum kamu benar-benar pindah!","Tempted to migrate from Windows to Linux but still unsure? Learn the upsides, the downsides, and the prep you need before you actually switch.","2026-06-15T02:37:24.570Z",[131,117,132],"linux","foss","\u002Fog\u002Fhal-yang-perlu-diperhatikan-sebelum-pindah-ke-linux.png",{"id":24,"title":25,"title_en":26,"slug":27},[],{"id":137,"title":138,"title_en":139,"slug":140,"excerpt":141,"excerpt_en":142,"has_translation":12,"published_at":143,"reading_time":14,"hidden_from_listing":15,"tags":144,"thumbnail_image":21,"og_image":146,"series":147,"authors":148},15,"Kenapa Ada Banyak Sekali Distro Linux?","Why Are There So Many Linux Distros?","kenapa-ada-banyak-sekali-distro-linux","Pernah bingung pas mau install Linux tapi malah disuguhi puluhan pilihan distro? Tenang, kalian nggak sendirian. Yuk, cari tahu kenapa distro Linux bisa sebanyak itu dan apa bedanya!","Were you confused when installing Linux handed you dozens of distro options? You're not alone. Here's why there are so many, and what actually differs.","2026-06-15T02:38:14.569Z",[131,145],"distro","\u002Fog\u002Fkenapa-ada-banyak-sekali-distro-linux.png",{"id":24,"title":25,"title_en":26,"slug":27},[],{"id":150,"title":151,"title_en":152,"slug":153,"excerpt":154,"excerpt_en":155,"has_translation":12,"published_at":156,"reading_time":14,"hidden_from_listing":15,"tags":157,"thumbnail_image":21,"og_image":161,"series":162,"authors":163},16,"Menggunakan TypeScript dengan Node.js dan Express","Using TypeScript with Node.js and Express","menggunakan-typescript-dengan-node-js-dan-express","Pengen bikin server Express di Node.js tapi pakai fitur-fitur keren TypeScript? Yuk, intip cara setup lengkapnya dari nol di sini!","Want to build an Express server on Node.js but use TypeScript's nicer features? Here's the complete setup from scratch.","2026-06-15T02:38:30.735Z",[101,158,159,160],"nodejs","express","typescript","\u002Fog\u002Fmenggunakan-typescript-dengan-node-js-dan-express.png",{"id":24,"title":25,"title_en":26,"slug":27},[],{"id":165,"title":166,"title_en":167,"slug":168,"excerpt":169,"excerpt_en":170,"has_translation":12,"published_at":171,"reading_time":14,"hidden_from_listing":15,"tags":172,"thumbnail_image":21,"og_image":176,"series":177,"authors":178},17,"Pemrograman Asynchronous vs Multithreading, Apa Sih Bedanya?","Asynchronous Programming vs Multithreading: What's the Real Difference?","pemrograman-asynchronous-dan-multithreading-apa-bedanya","Sering dengar istilah asynchronous dan multithreading pas ngoding tapi masih bingung bedanya? Yuk, kita bedah perbedaannya lewat analogi bikin mi instan yang gampang dipahami!","You keep hearing asynchronous and multithreading while coding, but the difference stays fuzzy? Let's take it apart with an instant-noodle analogy you can follow.","2026-06-15T02:38:31.093Z",[173,174,175],"pemrograman","concurrency","tips-coding","\u002Fog\u002Fpemrograman-asynchronous-dan-multithreading-apa-bedanya.png",{"id":24,"title":25,"title_en":26,"slug":27},[],{"id":180,"title":181,"title_en":182,"slug":183,"excerpt":184,"excerpt_en":185,"has_translation":12,"published_at":186,"reading_time":14,"hidden_from_listing":15,"tags":187,"thumbnail_image":21,"og_image":190,"series":191,"authors":192},18,"React, Angular, atau Vue: Pilih Framework yang Mana?","React, Angular, or Vue: Which Framework Should You Pick?","react-angular-vue-pilih-framework-yang-mana","Bingung menentukan pilihan di antara React, Angular, dan Vue untuk proyek web kalian berikutnya? Tenang, yuk kita bandingkan kelebihan masing-masing di sini!","Stuck choosing between React, Angular, and Vue for your next web project? Here's a side-by-side look at what each one actually does well.","2026-06-15T02:38:31.431Z",[188,189,18],"web-development","frontend","\u002Fog\u002Freact-angular-vue-pilih-framework-yang-mana.png",{"id":24,"title":25,"title_en":26,"slug":27},[],{"id":194,"title":195,"title_en":196,"slug":197,"excerpt":198,"excerpt_en":199,"has_translation":12,"published_at":200,"reading_time":14,"hidden_from_listing":15,"tags":201,"thumbnail_image":21,"og_image":205,"series":206,"authors":207},19,"Static Typing dan Dynamic Typing: Apa Bedanya?","Static Typing vs Dynamic Typing: What's the Difference?","static-typing-dan-dynamic-typing-apa-bedanya","Pernah bingung kenapa di Java tipe data harus dideklarasikan, sementara di Python tinggal pakai aja? Yuk, cari tahu perbedaan static typing dan dynamic typing di sini!","Ever wondered why Java makes you declare a type while Python just takes the value? Here's the difference between static typing and dynamic typing.","2026-06-15T02:39:15.869Z",[202,203,204],"programming","types","comparison","\u002Fog\u002Fstatic-typing-dan-dynamic-typing-apa-bedanya.png",{"id":24,"title":25,"title_en":26,"slug":27},[],{"id":209,"title":210,"title_en":211,"slug":212,"excerpt":213,"excerpt_en":214,"has_translation":12,"published_at":215,"reading_time":14,"hidden_from_listing":15,"tags":216,"thumbnail_image":21,"og_image":219,"series":220,"authors":221},20,"Tailwind v3.0 Rilis: Ada JIT, Arbitrary Values, dan Banyak Lagi!","Tailwind v3.0 Is Out: JIT, Arbitrary Values, and Plenty More","tailwind-v3-0-rilis-jit-arbitrary-dan-banyak-lagi","Tailwind CSS v3.0 resmi dirilis dengan segudang peningkatan performa yang bikin proses coding makin asyik. Apa aja sih fitur andalan yang wajib dicoba?","Tailwind CSS v3.0 shipped with a pile of performance upgrades that make styling more fun. Which features are worth trying first?","2026-06-15T02:39:25.372Z",[217,218,188],"tailwind-css","css-framework","\u002Fog\u002Ftailwind-v3-0-rilis-jit-arbitrary-dan-banyak-lagi.png",{"id":24,"title":25,"title_en":26,"slug":27},[],{"id":223,"title":224,"title_en":225,"slug":226,"excerpt":227,"excerpt_en":228,"has_translation":12,"published_at":229,"reading_time":14,"hidden_from_listing":15,"tags":230,"thumbnail_image":21,"og_image":231,"series":232,"authors":233},21,"TypeScript: JavaScript dengan Gaya dan Tipe Data Statis","TypeScript: JavaScript with Style and Static Types","typescript-javascript-dengan-gaya","Pernah pusing gara-gara runtime error di JavaScript? Yuk, kenalan dengan TypeScript yang bawa fitur static typing biar kode kalian makin rapi dan aman!","Tired of runtime errors in JavaScript? Meet TypeScript, which brings static typing so your code stays tidier and safer.","2026-06-15T02:39:25.712Z",[160,101,188],"\u002Fog\u002Ftypescript-javascript-dengan-gaya.png",{"id":24,"title":25,"title_en":26,"slug":27},[],{"id":235,"title":236,"title_en":237,"slug":238,"excerpt":239,"excerpt_en":240,"has_translation":12,"published_at":241,"reading_time":14,"hidden_from_listing":15,"tags":242,"thumbnail_image":21,"og_image":246,"series":247,"authors":248},22,"Yang Baru di Nuxt 3: Nitro Engine, Vite, dan Fitur Keren Lainnya","What's New in Nuxt 3: Nitro Engine, Vite, and Other Sharp Features","yang-baru-di-nuxt-3-nitro-vite-dan-banyak-lagi","Nuxt 3 hadir membawa perubahan arsitektur besar-besaran untuk menyelaraskan dengan Vue 3. Penasaran apa saja peningkatan performa dan fitur barunya?","Nuxt 3 brings a sweeping architecture change to line up with Vue 3. Here's what got faster and which new features are worth trying.","2026-06-15T02:39:26.086Z",[243,244,245],"nuxt-3","vue-3","frontend-framework","\u002Fog\u002Fyang-baru-di-nuxt-3-nitro-vite-dan-banyak-lagi.png",{"id":24,"title":25,"title_en":26,"slug":27},[],{"id":250,"title":251,"title_en":252,"slug":253,"excerpt":254,"excerpt_en":255,"has_translation":12,"published_at":256,"reading_time":257,"hidden_from_listing":15,"tags":258,"thumbnail_image":21,"og_image":263,"series":264,"authors":265},23,"Kenapa Pakai FastAPI dan Kenapa Dia Kenceng Banget?","Why Use FastAPI, and Why Is It So Fast?","kenapa-pakai-fastapi-dan-kenapa-dia-kenceng-banget","Sering dengar FastAPI tapi masih bingung kenapa dia bisa ngebut kayak NodeJS dan Go? Yuk, kita bedah bareng rahasia ASGI, sihir Pydantic, sampai dokumentasi otomatisnya!","You keep hearing about FastAPI but still wonder how it can keep pace with NodeJS and Go? Let's take apart ASGI, the Pydantic magic, and the automatic docs.","2026-08-16T13:22:46.956Z",4,[259,260,81,261,262],"fastapi","python","asgi","pydantic","\u002Fog\u002Fkenapa-pakai-fastapi-dan-kenapa-dia-kenceng-banget.png",{"id":24,"title":25,"title_en":26,"slug":27},[266],{"authors_id":267},{"id":268,"name":269,"slug":270,"role":271,"profile_picture":21},2,"Inva","inva","Writer",{"id":273,"title":274,"title_en":275,"slug":276,"excerpt":277,"excerpt_en":278,"has_translation":12,"published_at":279,"reading_time":257,"hidden_from_listing":15,"tags":280,"thumbnail_image":21,"og_image":282,"series":283,"authors":284},24,"Kenapa Butuh Rate Limiting?","Why Do You Need Rate Limiting?","kenapa-butuh-rate-limiting","Pernah nggak sih endpoint login kalian diserbu bot yang nyoba nembak ribuan password cuma dalam semenit? Yuk, kita bahas kenapa Rate Limiting itu wajib, plus cara masangnya di FastAPI!","Has your login endpoint ever been hammered by a bot trying thousands of passwords in a single minute? Here is why rate limiting is mandatory, and how to wire it into FastAPI.","2026-08-17T04:00:27.728Z",[81,83,82,281,84,259],"api","\u002Fog\u002Fkenapa-butuh-rate-limiting.png",{"id":24,"title":25,"title_en":26,"slug":27},[285],{"authors_id":286},{"id":268,"name":269,"slug":270,"role":271,"profile_picture":21},{"id":288,"title":289,"title_en":290,"slug":291,"excerpt":292,"excerpt_en":293,"has_translation":12,"published_at":294,"reading_time":14,"hidden_from_listing":15,"tags":295,"thumbnail_image":21,"og_image":298,"series":299,"authors":300},25,"Kenapa Event Queue Bikin Backend Kalian Nggak Gampang Tumbang?","Why an Event Queue Keeps Your Backend From Collapsing","kenapa-event-queue-bikin-backend-kamu-nggak-gampang-tumbang","Pernah klik tombol Beli Sekarang dan notifikasi suksesnya muncul dalam sekejap, padahal di belakang layar ada invoice, email, sampai push notification yang harus dibuat? Rahasianya Event Queue. Yuk, kita bedah!","You hit Buy Now and the success notice appears instantly, while an invoice, an email, and a push notification still have to be built behind the scenes. The secret is the event queue.","2026-08-17T04:11:23.685Z",[81,82,296,297,86],"event-queue","message-broker","\u002Fog\u002Fkenapa-event-queue-bikin-backend-kamu-nggak-gampang-tumbang.png",{"id":24,"title":25,"title_en":26,"slug":27},[301],{"authors_id":302},{"id":303,"name":304,"slug":305,"role":271,"profile_picture":21},1,"Daffa Izzuddin","izzudd",{"id":307,"title":308,"title_en":309,"slug":310,"excerpt":311,"excerpt_en":312,"has_translation":12,"published_at":313,"reading_time":14,"hidden_from_listing":15,"tags":314,"thumbnail_image":21,"og_image":319,"series":320,"authors":321},26,"REST API vs gRPC: Kapan Sebaiknya Mulai Pindah dari JSON?","REST API vs gRPC: When Should You Start Moving Off JSON?","rest-api-vs-grpc-kapan-sebaiknya-pindah-dari-json","Pernah nggak sih sistem mikroservis kalian mulai kerasa berat padahal cuma tuker-tukeran data internal? Belum tentu masalah servernya. Yuk, kita bahas kapan REST + JSON masih juara dan kapan gRPC jadi jawabannya!","Has your microservice system started feeling heavy even though it only shuffles internal data? The server may not be the problem. Here is when REST + JSON still wins, and when gRPC is the answer.","2026-08-17T04:26:10.249Z",[81,315,316,317,318,82],"grpc","rest-api","microservices","protobuf","\u002Fog\u002Frest-api-vs-grpc-kapan-sebaiknya-pindah-dari-json.png",{"id":24,"title":25,"title_en":26,"slug":27},[322],{"authors_id":323},{"id":268,"name":269,"slug":270,"role":271,"profile_picture":21},{"id":325,"title":326,"title_en":327,"slug":328,"excerpt":329,"excerpt_en":330,"has_translation":12,"published_at":331,"reading_time":14,"hidden_from_listing":15,"tags":332,"thumbnail_image":21,"og_image":337,"series":338,"authors":339},27,"Background Worker & Task Queue: Jangan Jalankan Proses Berat di Request HTTP!","Background Workers & Task Queues: Don't Run Heavy Work Inside an HTTP Request","background-worker-task-queue-jangan-jalankan-proses-berat-di-http","Pernah nggak sih kalian klik Daftar Akun lalu halaman loading muter sampai 15 detik tanpa kepastian? Penyebabnya klasik banget. Yuk, kita bahas kenapa proses berat nggak boleh dijalanin di request HTTP!","You tap Create Account and the loading page spins for 15 seconds with no answer? The cause is classic. Here is why heavy work does not belong in an HTTP request.","2026-08-17T04:26:10.284Z",[81,333,334,259,335,84,336],"task-queue","celery","rabbitmq","async","\u002Fog\u002Fbackground-worker-task-queue-jangan-jalankan-proses-berat-di-http.png",{"id":24,"title":25,"title_en":26,"slug":27},[340],{"authors_id":341},{"id":303,"name":304,"slug":305,"role":271,"profile_picture":21},{"id":343,"title":344,"title_en":345,"slug":346,"excerpt":347,"excerpt_en":348,"has_translation":12,"published_at":349,"reading_time":14,"hidden_from_listing":15,"tags":350,"thumbnail_image":21,"og_image":357,"series":358,"authors":359},28,"Mengatasi N+1 Query Problem: Musuh Tersembunyi Performa Backend","Taming the N+1 Query Problem: The Hidden Enemy of Backend Performance","mengatasi-n-plus-1-query-problem-musuh-tersembunyi-backend","Pernah bikin endpoint yang cuma nampilin 50 postingan beserta nama penulisnya, tapi response-nya lambat banget? Bisa jadi kalian kena N+1 Query. Yuk, kita bedah penyebabnya dan cara memberantasnya!","You built an endpoint that only lists 50 posts with their author names, and the response takes 2-3 seconds? You may have hit N+1 Query. Here is the cause, and the cure.","2026-08-17T04:26:10.309Z",[351,352,353,354,355,356,81],"database","sql","orm","sqlalchemy","django","performance","\u002Fog\u002Fmengatasi-n-plus-1-query-problem-musuh-tersembunyi-backend.png",{"id":24,"title":25,"title_en":26,"slug":27},[360],{"authors_id":361},{"id":303,"name":304,"slug":305,"role":271,"profile_picture":21},{"id":363,"title":364,"title_en":365,"slug":366,"excerpt":367,"excerpt_en":368,"has_translation":12,"published_at":369,"reading_time":257,"hidden_from_listing":15,"tags":370,"thumbnail_image":21,"og_image":373,"series":374,"authors":375},29,"Memahami Database Indexing: Rahasia Query Super Cepat","Understanding Database Indexing: The Secret to Very Fast Queries","memahami-database-indexing-rahasia-query-super-cepat","Query kalian mulai lelet padahal data baru nembus jutaan baris? Sebelum buru-buru *upgrade* server, yuk cek dulu *index*-nya. Yuk, kita bedah gimana *database indexing* sebenernya kerja!","Your queries have gone sluggish even though the data only just crossed a million rows? Before you rush to upgrade the server, check the indexes. Here is how database indexing actually works.","2026-08-17T04:26:10.325Z",[351,352,371,372,356,81],"postgresql","indexing","\u002Fog\u002Fmemahami-database-indexing-rahasia-query-super-cepat.png",{"id":24,"title":25,"title_en":26,"slug":27},[376],{"authors_id":377},{"id":303,"name":304,"slug":305,"role":271,"profile_picture":21},{"id":379,"title":380,"title_en":381,"slug":382,"excerpt":383,"excerpt_en":384,"has_translation":12,"published_at":385,"reading_time":257,"hidden_from_listing":15,"tags":386,"thumbnail_image":21,"og_image":390,"series":391,"authors":392},31,"Mengenal Redis: Lebih dari Sekadar In-Memory Cache","Getting to Know Redis: More Than Just an In-Memory Cache","mengenal-redis-lebih-dari-sekadar-in-memory-cache","Masih nganggep Redis cuma buat caching? Padahal dia bisa jadi leaderboard, message broker, sampai rate limiter lho. Yuk, kita bedah semua kemampuannya!","Still treating Redis as nothing but a cache? It can be a leaderboard, a message broker, even a rate limiter. Let's take apart everything it can do.","2026-08-17T04:26:10.360Z",[84,81,387,388,389,260],"cache","nosql","in-memory","\u002Fog\u002Fmengenal-redis-lebih-dari-sekadar-in-memory-cache.png",{"id":24,"title":25,"title_en":26,"slug":27},[393],{"authors_id":394},{"id":303,"name":304,"slug":305,"role":271,"profile_picture":21},{"id":396,"title":397,"title_en":398,"slug":399,"excerpt":400,"excerpt_en":401,"has_translation":12,"published_at":402,"reading_time":257,"hidden_from_listing":15,"tags":403,"thumbnail_image":21,"og_image":408,"series":409,"authors":410},32,"Docker Compose untuk Developer Santai: Satu Perintah Buat Jalankan Semua Service","Docker Compose for the Relaxed Developer: One Command to Run Every Service","docker-compose-untuk-developer-santai","Pernah nggak kalian ngulang-ngulang perintah `docker run` cuma buat nyalain web, database, dan cache satu-satu? Capek, kan? Yuk, kita rapikan semuanya jadi satu file dan satu perintah!","Do you keep retyping `docker run` just to bring up the web app, the database, and the cache one at a time? Here is how to fold all of them into one file and one command.","2026-08-17T04:26:10.375Z",[404,405,406,407,81],"docker","docker-compose","devops","containers","\u002Fog\u002Fdocker-compose-untuk-developer-santai.png",{"id":24,"title":25,"title_en":26,"slug":27},[411],{"authors_id":412},{"id":303,"name":304,"slug":305,"role":271,"profile_picture":21},{"id":414,"title":415,"title_en":416,"slug":417,"excerpt":418,"excerpt_en":419,"has_translation":12,"published_at":420,"reading_time":257,"hidden_from_listing":15,"tags":421,"thumbnail_image":21,"og_image":423,"series":424,"authors":425},33,"Berkenalan dengan RabbitMQ: Si Kurir Pesan Serba Bisa","Meet RabbitMQ: The Versatile Message Courier","berkenalan-dengan-rabbitmq-si-kurir-pesan-serba-bisa","Pernah nggak sih kalian klik Bayar Sekarang dan notifikasi suksesnya muncul seketika, padahal email konfirmasi baru nyampe beberapa detik kemudian? Rahasianya ada di satu kurir tak terlihat. Yuk, kita kenalan sama RabbitMQ!","You tap Pay Now and the success notice appears instantly, while the confirmation email only lands a few seconds later? The secret is one invisible courier. Meet RabbitMQ.","2026-08-17T04:26:10.388Z",[335,297,81,317,336,422],"queue","\u002Fog\u002Fberkenalan-dengan-rabbitmq-si-kurir-pesan-serba-bisa.png",{"id":24,"title":25,"title_en":26,"slug":27},[426],{"authors_id":427},{"id":268,"name":269,"slug":270,"role":271,"profile_picture":21},{"id":429,"title":430,"title_en":431,"slug":432,"excerpt":433,"excerpt_en":434,"has_translation":12,"published_at":435,"reading_time":257,"hidden_from_listing":15,"tags":436,"thumbnail_image":21,"og_image":438,"series":439,"authors":440},34,"Kenapa Backend Butuh Database Connection Pooling?","Why Does a Backend Need Database Connection Pooling?","kenapa-backend-butuh-database-connection-pooling","Pernah kena error Too many connections padahal CPU server masih santai di angka 30%? Masalahnya bukan di query kalian, tapi di cara aplikasi ngobrol sama database. Yuk, kenalan sama Connection Pooling!","Ever hit Too many connections while server CPU is still lounging at 30%? The problem is not your queries, it is how the application talks to the database. Meet connection pooling.","2026-08-24T06:06:47.088Z",[81,351,371,437,82,356],"connection-pooling","\u002Fog\u002Fkenapa-backend-butuh-database-connection-pooling.png",{"id":24,"title":25,"title_en":26,"slug":27},[441],{"authors_id":442},{"id":268,"name":269,"slug":270,"role":271,"profile_picture":21},{"id":444,"title":445,"title_en":446,"slug":447,"excerpt":448,"excerpt_en":449,"has_translation":12,"published_at":450,"reading_time":14,"hidden_from_listing":15,"tags":451,"thumbnail_image":21,"og_image":454,"series":455,"authors":456},35,"Mengenal Idempotency Key: Rahasia Anti-Double Charge di API Pembayaran","Idempotency Keys: The Secret to No Double Charges in Payment APIs","mengenal-idempotency-key-rahasia-anti-double-charge-di-api-pembayaran","Pernah internet kalian ngadat pas lagi nekan tombol Bayar, terus panik ngekliknya tiga kali? Kalau endpoint-nya nggak idempotent, saldo bisa kepotong berkali-kali. Yuk, kenalan sama Idempotency Key!","Ever had your connection stall right as you hit Pay, then panic-clicked three times? If the endpoint is not idempotent, the balance can be cut more than once. Meet the idempotency key.","2026-08-24T06:09:11.645Z",[81,281,452,82,453,259,84],"idempotency","payment","\u002Fog\u002Fmengenal-idempotency-key-rahasia-anti-double-charge-di-api-pembayaran.png",{"id":24,"title":25,"title_en":26,"slug":27},[457],{"authors_id":458},{"id":268,"name":269,"slug":270,"role":271,"profile_picture":21},{"id":460,"title":461,"title_en":462,"slug":463,"excerpt":464,"excerpt_en":465,"has_translation":12,"published_at":466,"reading_time":14,"hidden_from_listing":15,"tags":467,"thumbnail_image":21,"og_image":469,"series":470,"authors":471},36,"Mencegah Efek Domino di Mikroservis dengan Circuit Breaker Pattern","Stopping the Domino Effect in Microservices With the Circuit Breaker Pattern","mencegah-efek-domino-di-mikroservis-dengan-circuit-breaker-pattern","Pernah nggak sih, satu fitur minor di aplikasi kalian mendadak lelet, eh malah bikin halaman checkout dan login ikut down total? Itu namanya *cascading failure*. Yuk, kita bahas gimana *circuit breaker pattern* (pemutus arus) nyelametin arsitektur kalian!","Ever had one minor feature go slow and take the checkout page and login down with it? That is a cascading failure. Here is how the circuit breaker pattern saves your architecture.","2026-08-24T06:13:36.734Z",[81,317,468,82,86],"circuit-breaker","\u002Fog\u002Fmencegah-efek-domino-di-mikroservis-dengan-circuit-breaker-pattern.png",{"id":24,"title":25,"title_en":26,"slug":27},[472],{"authors_id":473},{"id":268,"name":269,"slug":270,"role":271,"profile_picture":21},{"id":475,"title":476,"title_en":477,"slug":478,"excerpt":479,"excerpt_en":480,"has_translation":12,"published_at":481,"reading_time":14,"hidden_from_listing":15,"tags":482,"thumbnail_image":21,"og_image":484,"series":485,"authors":486},37,"Kenapa Backend Butuh Graceful Shutdown? Jangan Asal Cabut Kabel Server!","Why Does a Backend Need Graceful Shutdown? Don't Yank the Server Cable","kenapa-backend-butuh-graceful-shutdown-jangan-asal-cabut-kabel-server","Pernah nggak sih, abis kalian nge-*deploy* backend, beberapa detik kemudian monitoring malah banjir *alert* **502 Bad Gateway** dari pengguna? Saldo udah kepotong tapi status order belum keburu ter-*update* di *database*. Yuk, kita bahas kenapa *graceful shutdown* itu wajib banget!","You deploy the backend and seconds later monitoring floods with 502 Bad Gateway alerts. The balance was cut but the order status never reached the database. Here is why graceful shutdown is mandatory.","2026-08-24T06:15:59.150Z",[81,406,259,404,483,82,86],"kubernetes","\u002Fog\u002Fkenapa-backend-butuh-graceful-shutdown-jangan-asal-cabut-kabel-server.png",{"id":24,"title":25,"title_en":26,"slug":27},[487],{"authors_id":488},{"id":268,"name":269,"slug":270,"role":271,"profile_picture":21},{"id":490,"title":491,"title_en":492,"slug":493,"excerpt":494,"excerpt_en":495,"has_translation":12,"published_at":496,"reading_time":14,"hidden_from_listing":15,"tags":497,"thumbnail_image":21,"og_image":498,"series":499,"authors":500},38,"Optimistic vs Pessimistic Locking: Mengatasi Rebutan Data di Database","Optimistic vs Pessimistic Locking: Handling the Data Fight in a Database","optimistic-vs-pessimistic-locking-mengatasi-rebutan-data-di-database","Seribu orang ngeklik \"Beli Sekarang\" di detik yang sama buat rebutan 1 tiket terakhir. Kira-kira apa yang bakal terjadi di server kalian? Yuk, kita banding *pessimistic* sama *optimistic locking*!","A thousand people tap Buy Now in the same second, fighting over the last ticket. What happens on your server? Here is pessimistic against optimistic locking.","2026-08-24T06:16:37.198Z",[81,351,174,371,82,86,352],"\u002Fog\u002Foptimistic-vs-pessimistic-locking-mengatasi-rebutan-data-di-database.png",{"id":24,"title":25,"title_en":26,"slug":27},[501],{"authors_id":502},{"id":268,"name":269,"slug":270,"role":271,"profile_picture":21},{"id":504,"title":505,"title_en":506,"slug":507,"excerpt":508,"excerpt_en":509,"has_translation":12,"published_at":510,"reading_time":14,"hidden_from_listing":15,"tags":511,"thumbnail_image":21,"og_image":514,"series":515,"authors":516},39,"Database Sharding vs Partitioning: Kapan Data Perlu Dipecah?","Database Sharding vs Partitioning: When Does Data Need Splitting?","database-sharding-vs-partitioning-kapan-data-perlu-dipecah","Tabel transaksi kalian udah nembus miliaran baris dan tiap *query* laporan bikin *CPU* melonjak 100%? Sebelum asal pecah data, yuk kita pahami dulu beda *sharding* sama *partitioning*!","Your transaction table has crossed a billion rows and every report query spikes CPU to 100%? Before splitting data blindly, understand the difference between sharding and partitioning.","2026-08-24T06:17:10.104Z",[81,351,371,82,86,512,513],"sharding","scaling","\u002Fog\u002Fdatabase-sharding-vs-partitioning-kapan-data-perlu-dipecah.png",{"id":24,"title":25,"title_en":26,"slug":27},[517],{"authors_id":518},{"id":268,"name":269,"slug":270,"role":271,"profile_picture":21},{"id":520,"title":521,"title_en":522,"slug":523,"excerpt":524,"excerpt_en":525,"has_translation":12,"published_at":526,"reading_time":14,"hidden_from_listing":15,"tags":527,"thumbnail_image":21,"og_image":532,"series":533,"authors":534},40,"Menyelami Distributed Tracing: Melacak Jejak Request di Balik Keruwetan Microservices","Inside Distributed Tracing: Following a Request Through Microservice Chaos","menyelami-distributed-tracing-melacak-jejak-request-microservices","Satu klik Checkout di backend kalian bisa memicu puluhan network call antar-service, tapi pas ada yang lambat, service mana sebenernya yang salah? Log aja nggak cukup buat njawab itu. Yuk, kita bedah Distributed Tracing!","One Checkout click in your backend can trigger dozens of network calls between services, but when one is slow, which service is at fault? Logs alone cannot answer that. Here is distributed tracing.","2026-08-31T02:33:31.602Z",[81,528,529,530,317,86,531],"distributed-systems","observability","open-telemetry","tracing","\u002Fog\u002Fmenyelami-distributed-tracing-melacak-jejak-request-microservices.png",{"id":24,"title":25,"title_en":26,"slug":27},[535],{"authors_id":536},{"id":268,"name":269,"slug":270,"role":271,"profile_picture":21},{"id":538,"title":539,"title_en":540,"slug":541,"excerpt":542,"excerpt_en":543,"has_translation":12,"published_at":544,"reading_time":14,"hidden_from_listing":15,"tags":545,"thumbnail_image":21,"og_image":551,"series":552,"authors":553},41,"Log Aggregation Modern dengan Grafana Loki dan Vector: Hemat Storage Tanpa Indeks Raksasa","Modern Log Aggregation With Grafana Loki and Vector: Save Storage Without a Giant Index","log-aggregation-modern-grafana-loki-vector-hemat-storage","Klaster Elasticsearch kalian rakus RAM dan boros storage, ya? Padahal nggak semua kata di log perlu diindeks, lho. Yuk, kita kenalan sama duet Grafana Loki dan Vector yang jauh lebih ramah kantong!","Your Elasticsearch cluster is greedy for RAM and wasteful with storage? Not every word in a log needs indexing. Meet the duo of Grafana Loki and Vector, far kinder to your wallet.","2026-09-01T15:45:01.066Z",[81,546,547,548,549,550,406,82],"observa","logging","grafana","loki","vector","\u002Fog\u002Flog-aggregation-modern-grafana-loki-vector-hemat-storage.png",{"id":24,"title":25,"title_en":26,"slug":27},[554],{"authors_id":555},{"id":268,"name":269,"slug":270,"role":271,"profile_picture":21},{"id":74,"title":75,"title_en":75,"slug":76,"excerpt":77,"excerpt_en":78,"has_translation":12,"published_at":79,"reading_time":14,"hidden_from_listing":15,"tags":80,"thumbnail_image":21,"og_image":88,"series":557,"authors":558},{"id":24,"title":25,"title_en":26,"slug":27},[559],{"authors_id":560},{"id":268,"name":269,"slug":270,"role":271,"profile_picture":21},{"id":562,"title":563,"title_en":564,"slug":565,"excerpt":566,"excerpt_en":567,"has_translation":12,"published_at":568,"reading_time":14,"hidden_from_listing":15,"tags":569,"thumbnail_image":21,"og_image":575,"series":576,"authors":577},46,"Mengapa C Mulai Ditinggalkan: Duel Filosofi Keamanan Rust vs Kesederhanaan Zig","Why C Is Being Left Behind: Rust's Safety Philosophy vs Zig's Simplicity","mengapa-c-mulai-ditinggalkan-duel-filosofi-rust-vs-zig","Pernah denger kalau sekitar 70% celah keamanan kritis software modern itu asalnya dari bahasa C? Iya, bahasa yang udah jadi fondasi internet ini 😅. Yuk, kita bedah duel filosofi Rust vs Zig dan cari tahu mana yang pas buat proyek kalian!","Have you heard that around 70% of critical security holes in modern software come from C? Yes, the language the internet is built on. Let's unpack the philosophy duel between Rust and Zig and see which one fits your project.","2026-09-09T02:19:05.266Z",[570,571,572,573,574],"system-programming","rust","zig","c","memory-safety","\u002Fog\u002Fmengapa-c-mulai-ditinggalkan-duel-filosofi-rust-vs-zig.png",{"id":24,"title":25,"title_en":26,"slug":27},[578],{"authors_id":579},{"id":268,"name":269,"slug":270,"role":271,"profile_picture":21},{"id":581,"title":582,"title_en":583,"slug":584,"excerpt":585,"excerpt_en":586,"has_translation":12,"published_at":587,"reading_time":588,"hidden_from_listing":15,"tags":589,"thumbnail_image":21,"og_image":594,"series":595,"authors":596},107,"Cara kamu pakai AI lebih menentukan daripada apakah kamu pakai AI","How You Use AI Matters More Than Whether You Use AI","cara-pakai-ai-menentukan-pemahaman-kode","Fiturnya selesai, test-nya hijau, dan dua hari kemudian kamu baca kodenya kayak kode orang lain. Ternyata ada satu cara pakai AI yang bikin kamu paham lebih baik daripada nggak pakai AI sama sekali. Yuk lihat datanya.","The feature is done, the tests are green, and two days later you read the code like a stranger wrote it. It turns out one way of using AI leaves you understanding more than not using AI at all. Here is the data.","2026-10-10T11:08:29.000Z",7,[590,591,592,593],"ai","belajar","kognitif","ai-assisted-coding","\u002Fog\u002Fcara-pakai-ai-menentukan-pemahaman-kode.png",{"id":24,"title":25,"title_en":26,"slug":27},[],{"id":598,"title":599,"title_en":600,"slug":601,"excerpt":602,"excerpt_en":603,"has_translation":12,"published_at":13,"reading_time":14,"hidden_from_listing":15,"tags":604,"thumbnail_image":21,"og_image":606,"series":607,"authors":608},109,"State of JS 2025 Bilang Developer Cuma Pakai 2,6 Framework Sepanjang Karier","State of JS 2025 Says Developers Use Only 2.6 Frameworks in a Whole Career","state-of-js-2025-developer-cuma-pakai-2-6-framework","Coba hitung semua framework yang pernah kamu coba, lalu potong jadi yang beneran dipakai buat kerjaan. Daftarnya jauh lebih pendek dari dugaan. State of JS 2025 nanya ke 13.002 developer, dan rata-ratanya cuma 2,6. Yuk, lihat angkanya bareng-bareng!","Try counting every framework you have ever touched, then cut the list down to what you actually used for work. It comes out far shorter than you would guess. State of JS 2025 asked 13,002 developers, and the average is only 2.6.",[101,605,18,17],"survei","\u002Fog\u002Fstate-of-js-2025-developer-cuma-pakai-2-6-framework.png",{"id":24,"title":25,"title_en":26,"slug":27},[],{"id":6,"title":7,"title_en":8,"slug":9,"excerpt":10,"excerpt_en":11,"has_translation":12,"published_at":13,"reading_time":14,"hidden_from_listing":15,"tags":610,"thumbnail_image":21,"og_image":22,"series":611,"authors":612},[17,18,19,20],{"id":24,"title":25,"title_en":26,"slug":27},[],{"id":614,"title":615,"title_en":616,"slug":617,"excerpt":618,"excerpt_en":619,"has_translation":12,"published_at":620,"reading_time":621,"hidden_from_listing":15,"tags":622,"thumbnail_image":21,"og_image":624,"series":625,"authors":626},111,"Rust Masuk Kernel Linux: Revolusi Nyata atau Cuma Euforia RIIR?","Rust Enters the Linux Kernel: A Real Revolution or Just RIIR Euphoria?","rust-di-kernel-linux-revolusi-atau-cuma-hype","Selama lebih dari 30 tahun kernel Linux cuma mau bahasa C, lalu tiba-tiba Rust resmi masuk di Linux 6.1. Itu revolusi beneran atau cuma kebawa euforia meme Rewrite It In Rust? Yuk lihat datanya, bukan cuma opininya.","For more than 30 years the Linux kernel only wanted C, then Rust officially landed in Linux 6.1. Is that a real revolution, or just the pull of the Rewrite It In Rust meme? Let's look at the data, not the opinions.","2026-10-07T03:40:24.000Z",6,[571,131,623,570,574],"kernel","\u002Fog\u002Frust-di-kernel-linux-revolusi-atau-cuma-hype.png",{"id":24,"title":25,"title_en":26,"slug":27},[627],{"authors_id":628},{"id":303,"name":304,"slug":305,"role":271,"profile_picture":21},{"id":630,"title":631,"title_en":632,"slug":633,"excerpt":634,"excerpt_en":635,"has_translation":12,"published_at":636,"reading_time":14,"hidden_from_listing":15,"tags":637,"thumbnail_image":21,"og_image":640,"series":641,"authors":642},112,"Aplikasimu lambat, dan kamu udah kepikiran ganti bahasa. Tunggu dulu","Your App Is Slow, and You're Already Thinking About Changing Languages. Wait.","aplikasimu-lambat-dan-kamu-udah-kepikiran-ganti-bahasa-tunggu-dulu","Ada endpoint yang grafiknya spike tiap beberapa menit, dan kepikiran buat pindah dari Go ke Rust? Discord dan Cloudflare beneran melakukannya — tapi cuma setelah kehabisan cara lain dan punya datanya. Yuk, bedah gejala mana yang beneran butuh rewrite, dan mana yang cuma butuh profiling. 🤔","An endpoint spikes every few minutes, and you are thinking of moving from Go to Rust? Discord and Cloudflare really did it, but only after running out of other options and having the data. Let's sort out which symptoms need a rewrite and which only need a profiler.","2026-10-08T09:40:00.000Z",[81,356,638,571,82,639],"golang","profiling","\u002Fog\u002Faplikasimu-lambat-dan-kamu-udah-kepikiran-ganti-bahasa-tunggu-dulu.png",{"id":24,"title":25,"title_en":26,"slug":27},[],{"id":644,"title":645,"title_en":646,"slug":647,"excerpt":648,"excerpt_en":649,"has_translation":12,"published_at":650,"reading_time":588,"hidden_from_listing":15,"tags":651,"thumbnail_image":21,"og_image":655,"series":656,"authors":657},113,"Garbage Collector dituduh bikin aplikasi lemot. Seberapa adil tuduhan itu?","The Garbage Collector Gets Blamed for Slow Apps. How Fair Is That?","garbage-collector-dituduh-bikin-aplikasi-lemot","GC sering jadi tersangka utama tiap aplikasi melambat, dan banyak yang percaya dia jalan pakai timer tiap beberapa detik. Dua-duanya nggak sepenuhnya benar. Yuk bedah cara kerja GC dari dalam, plus satu pengecualian yang bikin Discord kesakitan tiap 2 menit. 🤔","GC is always the prime suspect when an app slows down, and many people believe it runs on a timer every few seconds. Both beliefs are only partly right. Let's open up how GC works inside, plus one exception that made Discord hurt every 2 minutes.","2026-10-09T01:34:00.000Z",[81,356,638,652,653,654],"jvm","garbage-collector","memory","\u002Fog\u002Fgarbage-collector-dituduh-bikin-aplikasi-lemot.png",{"id":24,"title":25,"title_en":26,"slug":27},[],{"id":659,"title":660,"title_en":661,"slug":662,"excerpt":663,"excerpt_en":664,"has_translation":12,"published_at":665,"reading_time":14,"hidden_from_listing":15,"tags":666,"thumbnail_image":21,"og_image":669,"series":670,"authors":671},118,"Belajar Idempotency dari Stok yang Keburu Kebeli","Learning Idempotency from Stock That Got Bought Too Soon","pub-sub-sendiri-lalu-belajar-idempotency","Tugas pertama saya di kerjaan pertama: sistem yang kewalahan menerima webhook. Saya putuskan membangun pub\u002Fsub sendiri dari nol, dan pelajaran yang akhirnya datang bukan dari situ — tapi dari stok gudang yang keburu kebeli orang.","My first task at my first job was a system drowning in webhooks. I decided to build my own pub\u002Fsub from scratch, and the lesson that finally landed came from somewhere else: warehouse stock that got bought before the count caught up.","2026-10-10T14:03:00.000Z",[452,667,334,335,668],"event-driven","post-mortem","\u002Fog\u002Fpub-sub-sendiri-lalu-belajar-idempotency.png",{"id":24,"title":25,"title_en":26,"slug":27},[672],{"authors_id":673},{"id":303,"name":304,"slug":305,"role":271,"profile_picture":21},{"id":675,"title":676,"title_en":677,"slug":678,"excerpt":679,"excerpt_en":680,"has_translation":12,"published_at":681,"reading_time":621,"hidden_from_listing":15,"tags":682,"thumbnail_image":21,"og_image":685,"series":686,"authors":687},124,"Rahasia Zero-Cost Abstraction di Rust, Dibedah dari Assembly","The Secret of Zero-Cost Abstractions in Rust, Opened Up from the Assembly","rahasia-zero-cost-abstraction-di-rust","\"Abstraksi tinggi selalu lebih lambat\" itu anggapan lama. Iterator Rust bisa menyamai loop manual, dan assembly-nya bisa kita baca sendiri. Yuk, kita bongkar!","\"Higher abstractions are always slower\" is an old assumption. Rust iterators can match a hand-written loop, and the assembly is there for you to read. Let's take it apart.","2026-10-13T05:19:00.000Z",[571,356,570,683,684],"compiler","optimasi","\u002Fog\u002Frahasia-zero-cost-abstraction-di-rust.png",{"id":24,"title":25,"title_en":26,"slug":27},[688,690],{"authors_id":689},{"id":303,"name":304,"slug":305,"role":271,"profile_picture":21},{"authors_id":691},{"id":303,"name":304,"slug":305,"role":271,"profile_picture":21},[693,695,697],{"id":694,"title":35,"slug":37,"description":21,"cover_image":21},8,{"id":108,"title":39,"slug":41,"description":696,"cover_image":21},"Mengenal konsep dasar pemrograman. Pada seri ini kita akan membahas tentang bagaimana cara berkutat dengan variabel, mengatur alur program dengan struktur kontrol, me-reuse kode dengan fungsi, dan aturan sintaks pada bahasa pemrograman. Konsep-konsep ini pastinya akan sangat berguna ketika kita mulai mengkoding ceria.",{"id":137,"title":43,"slug":45,"description":698,"cover_image":21},"Algoritma dan struktur data adalah konsep fundamental dalam dunia pemrograman. Keduanya sangat penting dalam menyelesaikan masalah yang kompleks dengan efisien dan efektif. Dalam seri ini kita akan membahas berbagai macam struktur data dan algoritma yang harapannya bisa bikin kode kita lebih efektif dan efisien. Yuk belajar ASD bareng Inva! 👋",[700],{"authors_id":701},{"id":268,"name":269,"slug":270,"role":271,"profile_picture":21},"id",[704,702],"en","Di artikel sebelumnya kita udah ngobrol soal kenapa *rate limiting* itu penting banget. Nah, sekarang kita masuk ke bagian yang lebih seru: algoritmanya sendiri. 🤔\n\nNyatanya, bikin *rate limiter* itu bukan sekadar ngecek `request_count > 100`. Di balik setiap *API Gateway* modern—kayak [Kong](https:\u002F\u002Fkonghq.com\u002F), [NGINX](https:\u002F\u002Fnginx.org\u002F), atau Cloudflare—ada perhitungan matematis yang nentuin gimana trafik kalian diperlakukan.\n\nAda empat algoritma yang paling sering dipakai di industri. Karakternya beda-beda, dan salah milih bisa bikin kuota kalian bocor atau pengguna asli malah kena blokir. Yuk, kita bedah satu-satu!\n\n## Token bucket, si favorit yang fleksibel\n\n**Token Bucket** jadi standar *de facto* di sebagian besar *API Gateway* modern, termasuk AWS API Gateway dan Google Cloud Armor.\n\nCara kerjanya gampang. Bayangin satu ember dengan kapasitas token terbatas, misalnya 10 token.\n\n- Tiap detik, sistem nambah token baru ke ember dengan laju konstan (misal 2 token\u002Fdetik). Kalau embernya udah penuh, token barunya tumpah dan dibuang percuma.\n- Setiap *request* HTTP dari klien harus ngambil 1 token biar boleh lewat.\n- Token masih ada? Silakan diproses. Token habis? *Request*-nya langsung ditolak dengan `429 Too Many Requests`.\n\nEnaknya, algoritma ini ramah banget sama *burst*. Kalau klien diem beberapa detik, embernya ngisi penuh. Dia bisa nembak 10 *request* sekaligus dalam 1 milidetik tanpa ditolak, selama rata-rata jangka panjangnya tetap sesuai kuota.\n\n*Trade-off*-nya: kalian mesti *tuning* dua parameter sekaligus. *Bucket size* nentuin seberapa besar *burst* yang ditoleransi, *refill rate* nentuin seberapa cepat kuotanya balik. Salah angka dikit, limiternya bisa kerasa terlalu longgar atau malah terlalu galak.\n\n## Leaky bucket, yang doyan ngerapiin antrean\n\nKalau Token Bucket ngatur jumlah token, **Leaky Bucket** ngatur laju keluaran *request* (*throughput smoothing*).\n\nIbaratnya ember berlubang kecil di dasarnya.\n\n- *Request* dari klien masuk kayak air dituang dari atas, ditampung di antrean FIFO.\n- Air netes keluar dari lubang dasar dengan laju stabil, misal tepat 5 *request* per detik, seberapa pun derasnya tuangan di atas.\n- Kalau tuangannya kebanyakan sampai embernya meluap, air yang luber langsung dibuang—*request*-nya ditolak dengan `429`.\n\nKelebihannya: alirannya jadi sangat stabil (*constant rate*). Cocok banget dipasang di depan *service* yang sensitif ke beban mendadak, misal sistem pembayaran perbankan warisan (*legacy system*) yang nggak sanggup nerima lonjakan.\n\nKekurangannya keras: dia nggak toleran sama *burst* sama sekali. *Request* yang sebenarnya sah malah nambah latensi karena harus ngantre di *buffer*, padahal server kalian masih sanggup kok ngelayanin.\n\n## Fixed window counter, simpel tapi ada jebakannya\n\nIni algoritma paling gampang dan paling sering ditulis *developer* pemula.\n\nWaktu dibagi jadi jendela-jendela tetap (*fixed time window*), misal per menit: 00:00-00:01, 00:01-00:02, dan seterusnya.\n\n- Tiap *request* di interval itu nambah *counter* sebesar 1.\n- Kalau *counter*-nya lewat ambang batas (misal 100 req\u002Fmenit), *request* berikutnya ditolak sampai jendelanya berganti dan *counter*-nya di-reset ke 0.\n\nMasalahnya ada di jahitan antar-jendela. Anggap kuotanya 100 req\u002Fmenit:\n\n- Klien nembak 100 *request* di detik 00:59. Lolos semua.\n- Klien nembak 100 *request* lagi di detik 01:01. Lolos juga, soalnya *counter*-nya baru di-reset.\n\nHasilnya, server nerima **200 *request* cuma dalam rentang 2 detik**! Kapasitas yang kalian rencanain buat satu menit penuh, dilahap habis dalam sekejap. Inilah yang namanya *boundary spike*, dan pas lagi *flash sale*, dia bisa bikin *backend* kalian tumbang. 😅\n\n## Sliding window counter, akurat tanpa boros memori\n\nBuat nutup celah *boundary spike* tanpa harus nyimpen *log* tiap *request*—itu namanya *Sliding Window Log*, dan boros memori—industri pindah ke pendekatan **Sliding Window Counter**.\n\nIdenya: hitung estimasi *request* di jendela geser saat ini, dengan nimbrung proporsi dari jendela sebelumnya.\n\n$$\\text{Estimated Requests} = \\text{Count}_{\\text{current}} + \\left( \\text{Count}_{\\text{previous}} \\times (1 - \\text{Overlap Ratio}) \\right)$$\n\nContoh, kuota 100 req\u002Fmenit:\n\n- Jendela sebelumnya (00:00-01:00) nyatet 80 *request*.\n- Sekarang jam 01:15, artinya kita baru 25% masuk ke jendela saat ini. Sisanya 75% masih nempel ke jendela sebelumnya.\n- Di jendela saat ini udah ada 30 *request* baru.\n\nPerkiraan trafik dalam 1 menit terakhir: 30 + (80 × 0.75) = 30 + 60 = 90 request.\n\nKarena 90 masih di bawah 100, *request*-nya dilolosin.\n\nPendekatan ini akurat banget, masalah *boundary spike*-nya hilang, dan cuma butuh penyimpanan dua angka *counter* per klien. Bandingin sama *Sliding Window Log* yang harus nyimpen *timestamp* tiap *request*—jauh lebih hemat.\n\nJadi gimana, udah mulai kebayang bedanya? Belum selesai, masih ada bagian serunya nih. 😎\n\n## Kapan pilih yang mana?\n\n| Algoritma | Toleransi *Burst* | Efisiensi Memori | Kompleksitas | *Use Case* Paling Pas |\n| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |\n| **Token Bucket** | ⭐⭐⭐ Sangat Bagus | ⭐⭐⭐ Sangat Ringan | Menengah | Public API, SaaS Gateway, REST API umum |\n| **Leaky Bucket** | ❌ Nggak Ada (Smooth) | ⭐⭐ Sedang (*Queue*) | Menengah | Antrean ke *third-party payment gateway* |\n| **Fixed Window** | ❌ Rawan Lonjakan Batas | ⭐⭐⭐ Sangat Ringan | Sangat Mudah | Proteksi kasar internal \u002F *cron jobs* |\n| **Sliding Window** | ⭐⭐ Cukup Baik | ⭐⭐⭐ Sangat Ringan | Menengah | API kuota per jam\u002Fhari dengan batas ketat |\n\n## Implementasi praktis: token bucket dengan Redis dan Lua\n\nDi sistem *microservices* terdistribusi, kita wajib pakai *shared store* kayak [Redis](https:\u002F\u002Fredis.io\u002F) biar kuota klien tetap sinkron lintas semua pod *instance API Gateway*.\n\nBiar nggak ada *race condition*—dua *request* baca token barengan terus dua-duanya lolos—seluruh logika cek dan ambil token harus jalan atomik lewat **Lua Script**:\n\n```lua\n-- Redis Lua Script untuk Token Bucket\nlocal key = KEYS[1]\nlocal limit = tonumber(ARGV[1])        -- Kapasitas maksimum ember (cth: 10)\nlocal current_time = tonumber(ARGV[2]) -- Timestamp saat ini dalam detik\nlocal refill_rate = tonumber(ARGV[3])  -- Token per detik (cth: 2)\n\n-- Ambil data bucket: [tokens, last_updated]\nlocal data = redis.call(\"HMGET\", key, \"tokens\", \"last_updated\")\nlocal tokens = tonumber(data[1])\nlocal last_updated = tonumber(data[2])\n\nif tokens == nil then\n    tokens = limit\n    last_updated = current_time\nelse\n    -- Hitung penambahan token sejak request terakhir\n    local delta = math.max(0, current_time - last_updated)\n    tokens = math.min(limit, tokens + (delta * refill_rate))\n    last_updated = current_time\nend\n\n-- Periksa apakah token mencukupi\nif tokens >= 1 then\n    tokens = tokens - 1\n    redis.call(\"HSET\", key, \"tokens\", tokens, \"last_updated\", last_updated)\n    redis.call(\"EXPIRE\", key, 3600) -- TTL 1 jam\n    return 1 -- Izinkan request\nelse\n    redis.call(\"HSET\", key, \"tokens\", tokens, \"last_updated\", last_updated)\n    return 0 -- Tolak request (429)\nend\n```\n\nIntegrasi sederhananya di aplikasi *backend* (FastAPI \u002F Python):\n\n```python\nimport time\nimport redis\nfrom fastapi import FastAPI, HTTPException, Request\n\napp = FastAPI()\nr = redis.Redis(host=\"localhost\", port=6379, db=0)\n\n# Load script Lua ke Redis\nrate_limit_lua = r.register_script(open(\"token_bucket.lua\").read())\n\n@app.middleware(\"http\")\nasync def rate_limit_middleware(request: Request, call_next):\n    client_ip = request.client.host\n    key = f\"rate_limit:{client_ip}\"\n\n    # Kapasitas 10 token, refill 2 token per detik\n    allowed = rate_limit_lua(keys=[key], args=[10, int(time.time()), 2])\n\n    if not allowed:\n        raise HTTPException(status_code=429, detail=\"Too Many Requests. Pelan-pelan ya!\")\n\n    return await call_next(request)\n```\n\n## Jadi, algoritma mana yang cocok buat kalian?\n\nPada akhirnya, nggak ada algoritma yang menang di semua situasi. Token Bucket juara buat API publik karena ramah *burst*. Leaky Bucket menang kalau kalian butuh aliran yang benar-benar rata. Fixed Window cuma cocok buat proteksi kasar yang nggak butuh presisi tinggi. Sliding Window Counter jadi kompromi paling seimbang buat kuota ketat per jam atau per hari.\n\nYang paling penting, hitungan kuotanya disimpan di *shared store* dan diperiksa secara atomik. Soalnya *rate limiter* yang salah hitung gara-gara *race condition* itu kayak kasir yang ngitung duit sambil merem—kelihatan jalan, tapi saldonya udah kacau dari awal.\n\nSelamat memilih algoritma ria, dan semoga *bucket* kalian nggak pernah bocor pas jam sibuk! 👋\n","- Token Bucket paling toleran terhadap lonjakan sesaat, Leaky Bucket ngeluarin *request* dengan laju rata, Fixed Window paling gampang tapi rawan *boundary spike*, dan Sliding Window Counter paling seimbang antara akurasi dan hemat memori.\n- Token Bucket jadi standar *de facto* di *API Gateway* modern kayak AWS API Gateway, Kong, dan NGINX karena ramah sama *burst capacity*.\n- Boundary spike di Fixed Window bisa ngelolosin *request* sampai dua kali lipat kuota tepat di pergantian interval waktu.\n- Sliding Window Counter butuh Redis Hashes dan Lua Script biar operasi cek-kuota tetap atomik dan bebas *race condition* di arsitektur *microservices*.","\u003Cp>Di artikel sebelumnya kita udah ngobrol soal kenapa \u003Cem>rate limiting\u003C\u002Fem> itu penting banget. Nah, sekarang kita masuk ke bagian yang lebih seru: algoritmanya sendiri. 🤔\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>Nyatanya, bikin \u003Cem>rate limiter\u003C\u002Fem> itu bukan sekadar ngecek \u003Ccode>request_count > 100\u003C\u002Fcode>. Di balik setiap \u003Cem>API Gateway\u003C\u002Fem> modern—kayak \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fkonghq.com\u002F\">Kong\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fnginx.org\u002F\">NGINX\u003C\u002Fa>, atau Cloudflare—ada perhitungan matematis yang nentuin gimana trafik kalian diperlakukan.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>Ada empat algoritma yang paling sering dipakai di industri. Karakternya beda-beda, dan salah milih bisa bikin kuota kalian bocor atau pengguna asli malah kena blokir. Yuk, kita bedah satu-satu!\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"token-bucket-si-favorit-yang-fleksibel\">Token bucket, si favorit yang fleksibel\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Token Bucket\u003C\u002Fstrong> jadi standar \u003Cem>de facto\u003C\u002Fem> di sebagian besar \u003Cem>API Gateway\u003C\u002Fem> modern, termasuk AWS API Gateway dan Google Cloud Armor.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>Cara kerjanya gampang. Bayangin satu ember dengan kapasitas token terbatas, misalnya 10 token.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>Tiap detik, sistem nambah token baru ke ember dengan laju konstan (misal 2 token\u002Fdetik). Kalau embernya udah penuh, token barunya tumpah dan dibuang percuma.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>Setiap \u003Cem>request\u003C\u002Fem> HTTP dari klien harus ngambil 1 token biar boleh lewat.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>Token masih ada? Silakan diproses. Token habis? \u003Cem>Request\u003C\u002Fem>-nya langsung ditolak dengan \u003Ccode>429 Too Many Requests\u003C\u002Fcode>.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003C\u002Ful>\n\u003Cp>Enaknya, algoritma ini ramah banget sama \u003Cem>burst\u003C\u002Fem>. Kalau klien diem beberapa detik, embernya ngisi penuh. Dia bisa nembak 10 \u003Cem>request\u003C\u002Fem> sekaligus dalam 1 milidetik tanpa ditolak, selama rata-rata jangka panjangnya tetap sesuai kuota.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cem>Trade-off\u003C\u002Fem>-nya: kalian mesti \u003Cem>tuning\u003C\u002Fem> dua parameter sekaligus. \u003Cem>Bucket size\u003C\u002Fem> nentuin seberapa besar \u003Cem>burst\u003C\u002Fem> yang ditoleransi, \u003Cem>refill rate\u003C\u002Fem> nentuin seberapa cepat kuotanya balik. Salah angka dikit, limiternya bisa kerasa terlalu longgar atau malah terlalu galak.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"leaky-bucket-yang-doyan-ngerapiin-antrean\">Leaky bucket, yang doyan ngerapiin antrean\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>Kalau Token Bucket ngatur jumlah token, \u003Cstrong>Leaky Bucket\u003C\u002Fstrong> ngatur laju keluaran \u003Cem>request\u003C\u002Fem> (\u003Cem>throughput smoothing\u003C\u002Fem>).\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>Ibaratnya ember berlubang kecil di dasarnya.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cem>Request\u003C\u002Fem> dari klien masuk kayak air dituang dari atas, ditampung di antrean FIFO.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>Air netes keluar dari lubang dasar dengan laju stabil, misal tepat 5 \u003Cem>request\u003C\u002Fem> per detik, seberapa pun derasnya tuangan di atas.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>Kalau tuangannya kebanyakan sampai embernya meluap, air yang luber langsung dibuang—\u003Cem>request\u003C\u002Fem>-nya ditolak dengan \u003Ccode>429\u003C\u002Fcode>.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003C\u002Ful>\n\u003Cp>Kelebihannya: alirannya jadi sangat stabil (\u003Cem>constant rate\u003C\u002Fem>). Cocok banget dipasang di depan \u003Cem>service\u003C\u002Fem> yang sensitif ke beban mendadak, misal sistem pembayaran perbankan warisan (\u003Cem>legacy system\u003C\u002Fem>) yang nggak sanggup nerima lonjakan.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>Kekurangannya keras: dia nggak toleran sama \u003Cem>burst\u003C\u002Fem> sama sekali. \u003Cem>Request\u003C\u002Fem> yang sebenarnya sah malah nambah latensi karena harus ngantre di \u003Cem>buffer\u003C\u002Fem>, padahal server kalian masih sanggup kok ngelayanin.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"fixed-window-counter-simpel-tapi-ada-jebakannya\">Fixed window counter, simpel tapi ada jebakannya\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>Ini algoritma paling gampang dan paling sering ditulis \u003Cem>developer\u003C\u002Fem> pemula.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>Waktu dibagi jadi jendela-jendela tetap (\u003Cem>fixed time window\u003C\u002Fem>), misal per menit: 00:00-00:01, 00:01-00:02, dan seterusnya.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>Tiap \u003Cem>request\u003C\u002Fem> di interval itu nambah \u003Cem>counter\u003C\u002Fem> sebesar 1.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>Kalau \u003Cem>counter\u003C\u002Fem>-nya lewat ambang batas (misal 100 req\u002Fmenit), \u003Cem>request\u003C\u002Fem> berikutnya ditolak sampai jendelanya berganti dan \u003Cem>counter\u003C\u002Fem>-nya di-reset ke 0.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003C\u002Ful>\n\u003Cp>Masalahnya ada di jahitan antar-jendela. Anggap kuotanya 100 req\u002Fmenit:\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>Klien nembak 100 \u003Cem>request\u003C\u002Fem> di detik 00:59. Lolos semua.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>Klien nembak 100 \u003Cem>request\u003C\u002Fem> lagi di detik 01:01. Lolos juga, soalnya \u003Cem>counter\u003C\u002Fem>-nya baru di-reset.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003C\u002Ful>\n\u003Cp>Hasilnya, server nerima \u003Cstrong>200 \u003Cem>request\u003C\u002Fem> cuma dalam rentang 2 detik\u003C\u002Fstrong>! Kapasitas yang kalian rencanain buat satu menit penuh, dilahap habis dalam sekejap. Inilah yang namanya \u003Cem>boundary spike\u003C\u002Fem>, dan pas lagi \u003Cem>flash sale\u003C\u002Fem>, dia bisa bikin \u003Cem>backend\u003C\u002Fem> kalian tumbang. 😅\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"sliding-window-counter-akurat-tanpa-boros-memori\">Sliding window counter, akurat tanpa boros memori\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>Buat nutup celah \u003Cem>boundary spike\u003C\u002Fem> tanpa harus nyimpen \u003Cem>log\u003C\u002Fem> tiap \u003Cem>request\u003C\u002Fem>—itu namanya \u003Cem>Sliding Window Log\u003C\u002Fem>, dan boros memori—industri pindah ke pendekatan \u003Cstrong>Sliding Window Counter\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>Idenya: hitung estimasi \u003Cem>request\u003C\u002Fem> di jendela geser saat ini, dengan nimbrung proporsi dari jendela sebelumnya.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cspan class=\"katex-display\">\u003Cspan class=\"katex\">\u003Cspan class=\"katex-mathml\">\u003Cmath xmlns=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.w3.org\u002F1998\u002FMath\u002FMathML\" display=\"block\">\u003Csemantics>\u003Cmrow>\u003Cmtext>Estimated Requests\u003C\u002Fmtext>\u003Cmo>=\u003C\u002Fmo>\u003Cmsub>\u003Cmtext>Count\u003C\u002Fmtext>\u003Cmtext>current\u003C\u002Fmtext>\u003C\u002Fmsub>\u003Cmo>+\u003C\u002Fmo>\u003Cmrow>\u003Cmo fence=\"true\">(\u003C\u002Fmo>\u003Cmsub>\u003Cmtext>Count\u003C\u002Fmtext>\u003Cmtext>previous\u003C\u002Fmtext>\u003C\u002Fmsub>\u003Cmo>×\u003C\u002Fmo>\u003Cmo stretchy=\"false\">(\u003C\u002Fmo>\u003Cmn>1\u003C\u002Fmn>\u003Cmo>−\u003C\u002Fmo>\u003Cmtext>Overlap Ratio\u003C\u002Fmtext>\u003Cmo stretchy=\"false\">)\u003C\u002Fmo>\u003Cmo fence=\"true\">)\u003C\u002Fmo>\u003C\u002Fmrow>\u003C\u002Fmrow>\u003Cannotation encoding=\"application\u002Fx-tex\">\\text{Estimated Requests} = \\text{Count}_{\\text{current}} + \\left( \\text{Count}_{\\text{previous}} \\times (1 - \\text{Overlap Ratio}) \\right)\u003C\u002Fannotation>\u003C\u002Fsemantics>\u003C\u002Fmath>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u003Cspan class=\"katex-base\">\u003Cspan class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.8889em;vertical-align:-0.1944em;\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"mord text\">\u003Cspan class=\"mord\">Estimated Requests\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"mrel\">=\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"katex-base\">\u003Cspan class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.8333em;vertical-align:-0.15em;\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"mord\">\u003Cspan class=\"mord text\">\u003Cspan class=\"mord\">Count\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"msupsub\">\u003Cspan class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\">\u003Cspan class=\"vlist-r\">\u003Cspan class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.2806em;\">\u003Cspan style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-right:0.05em;\">\u003Cspan class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\">\u003Cspan class=\"mord mtight\">\u003Cspan class=\"mord text mtight\">\u003Cspan class=\"mord mtight\">current\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"vlist-s\">​\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"vlist-r\">\u003Cspan class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\">\u003Cspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2222em;\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"mbin\">+\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2222em;\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"katex-base\">\u003Cspan class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1.0361em;vertical-align:-0.2861em;\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"minner\">\u003Cspan class=\"mopen delimcenter\" style=\"top:0em;\">(\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"mord\">\u003Cspan class=\"mord text\">\u003Cspan class=\"mord\">Count\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"msupsub\">\u003Cspan class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\">\u003Cspan class=\"vlist-r\">\u003Cspan class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3175em;\">\u003Cspan style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-right:0.05em;\">\u003Cspan class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\">\u003Cspan class=\"mord mtight\">\u003Cspan class=\"mord text mtight\">\u003Cspan class=\"mord mtight\">previous\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"vlist-s\">​\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"vlist-r\">\u003Cspan class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.2861em;\">\u003Cspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2222em;\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"mbin\">×\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2222em;\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"mopen\">(\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"mord\">1\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2222em;\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"mbin\">−\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2222em;\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"mord text\">\u003Cspan class=\"mord\">Overlap Ratio\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"mclose\">)\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"mclose delimcenter\" style=\"top:0em;\">)\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>Contoh, kuota 100 req\u002Fmenit:\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>Jendela sebelumnya (00:00-01:00) nyatet 80 \u003Cem>request\u003C\u002Fem>.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>Sekarang jam 01:15, artinya kita baru 25% masuk ke jendela saat ini. Sisanya 75% masih nempel ke jendela sebelumnya.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>Di jendela saat ini udah ada 30 \u003Cem>request\u003C\u002Fem> baru.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003C\u002Ful>\n\u003Cp>Perkiraan trafik dalam 1 menit terakhir: 30 + (80 × 0.75) = 30 + 60 = 90 request.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>Karena 90 masih di bawah 100, \u003Cem>request\u003C\u002Fem>-nya dilolosin.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>Pendekatan ini akurat banget, masalah \u003Cem>boundary spike\u003C\u002Fem>-nya hilang, dan cuma butuh penyimpanan dua angka \u003Cem>counter\u003C\u002Fem> per klien. Bandingin sama \u003Cem>Sliding Window Log\u003C\u002Fem> yang harus nyimpen \u003Cem>timestamp\u003C\u002Fem> tiap \u003Cem>request\u003C\u002Fem>—jauh lebih hemat.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>Jadi gimana, udah mulai kebayang bedanya? Belum selesai, masih ada bagian serunya nih. 😎\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"kapan-pilih-yang-mana\">Kapan pilih yang mana?\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Ctable>\n\u003Cthead>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Cth align=\"left\">Algoritma\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth align=\"left\">Toleransi \u003Cem>Burst\u003C\u002Fem>\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth align=\"left\">Efisiensi Memori\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth align=\"left\">Kompleksitas\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth align=\"left\">\u003Cem>Use Case\u003C\u002Fem> Paling Pas\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Fthead>\n\u003Ctbody>\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd align=\"left\">\u003Cstrong>Token Bucket\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd align=\"left\">⭐⭐⭐ Sangat Bagus\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd align=\"left\">⭐⭐⭐ Sangat Ringan\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd align=\"left\">Menengah\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd align=\"left\">Public API, SaaS Gateway, REST API umum\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd align=\"left\">\u003Cstrong>Leaky Bucket\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd align=\"left\">❌ Nggak Ada (Smooth)\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd align=\"left\">⭐⭐ Sedang (\u003Cem>Queue\u003C\u002Fem>)\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd align=\"left\">Menengah\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd align=\"left\">Antrean ke \u003Cem>third-party payment gateway\u003C\u002Fem>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd align=\"left\">\u003Cstrong>Fixed Window\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd align=\"left\">❌ Rawan Lonjakan Batas\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd align=\"left\">⭐⭐⭐ Sangat Ringan\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd align=\"left\">Sangat Mudah\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd align=\"left\">Proteksi kasar internal \u002F \u003Cem>cron jobs\u003C\u002Fem>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd align=\"left\">\u003Cstrong>Sliding Window\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd align=\"left\">⭐⭐ Cukup Baik\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd align=\"left\">⭐⭐⭐ Sangat Ringan\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd align=\"left\">Menengah\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd align=\"left\">API kuota per jam\u002Fhari dengan batas ketat\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Ftbody>\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"implementasi-praktis-token-bucket-dengan-redis-dan-lua\">Implementasi praktis: token bucket dengan Redis dan Lua\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>Di sistem \u003Cem>microservices\u003C\u002Fem> terdistribusi, kita wajib pakai \u003Cem>shared store\u003C\u002Fem> kayak \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fredis.io\u002F\">Redis\u003C\u002Fa> biar kuota klien tetap sinkron lintas semua pod \u003Cem>instance API Gateway\u003C\u002Fem>.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>Biar nggak ada \u003Cem>race condition\u003C\u002Fem>—dua \u003Cem>request\u003C\u002Fem> baca token barengan terus dua-duanya lolos—seluruh logika cek dan ambil token harus jalan atomik lewat \u003Cstrong>Lua Script\u003C\u002Fstrong>:\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cdiv class=\"code-block-wrapper my-6 not-prose rounded-xl border-2 border-black dark:border-gray-600 shadow-neo overflow-hidden bg-[#24292e] text-[#e1e4e8] transition-all\">\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"code-block-header flex items-center justify-between px-4 py-2.5 bg-[#1f2428] border-b-2 border-black dark:border-gray-600 font-mono text-xs font-bold text-gray-300 select-none\">\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"flex items-center gap-2\">\n      \u003Cspan class=\"w-3 h-3 rounded-full bg-[#ff5f56] border border-black\u002F40 inline-block\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\n      \u003Cspan class=\"w-3 h-3 rounded-full bg-[#ffbd2e] border border-black\u002F40 inline-block\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\n      \u003Cspan class=\"w-3 h-3 rounded-full bg-[#27c93f] border border-black\u002F40 inline-block\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\n      \u003Cspan class=\"ml-2 font-mono font-bold text-xs uppercase tracking-wider text-gray-300\">LUA\u003C\u002Fspan>\n    \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n    \u003Cbutton type=\"button\" class=\"copy-code-btn flex items-center gap-1.5 px-3 py-1 text-xs font-bold bg-[#2f363d] text-gray-200 border-2 border-black dark:border-gray-500 rounded-lg shadow-neo-sm hover:translate-x-0.5 hover:translate-y-0.5 hover:shadow-none hover:bg-gray-700 transition-all cursor-pointer\" data-code=\"--%20Redis%20Lua%20Script%20untuk%20Token%20Bucket%0Alocal%20key%20%3D%20KEYS%5B1%5D%0Alocal%20limit%20%3D%20tonumber(ARGV%5B1%5D)%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20--%20Kapasitas%20maksimum%20ember%20(cth%3A%2010)%0Alocal%20current_time%20%3D%20tonumber(ARGV%5B2%5D)%20--%20Timestamp%20saat%20ini%20dalam%20detik%0Alocal%20refill_rate%20%3D%20tonumber(ARGV%5B3%5D)%20%20--%20Token%20per%20detik%20(cth%3A%202)%0A%0A--%20Ambil%20data%20bucket%3A%20%5Btokens%2C%20last_updated%5D%0Alocal%20data%20%3D%20redis.call(%22HMGET%22%2C%20key%2C%20%22tokens%22%2C%20%22last_updated%22)%0Alocal%20tokens%20%3D%20tonumber(data%5B1%5D)%0Alocal%20last_updated%20%3D%20tonumber(data%5B2%5D)%0A%0Aif%20tokens%20%3D%3D%20nil%20then%0A%20%20%20%20tokens%20%3D%20limit%0A%20%20%20%20last_updated%20%3D%20current_time%0Aelse%0A%20%20%20%20--%20Hitung%20penambahan%20token%20sejak%20request%20terakhir%0A%20%20%20%20local%20delta%20%3D%20math.max(0%2C%20current_time%20-%20last_updated)%0A%20%20%20%20tokens%20%3D%20math.min(limit%2C%20tokens%20%2B%20(delta%20*%20refill_rate))%0A%20%20%20%20last_updated%20%3D%20current_time%0Aend%0A%0A--%20Periksa%20apakah%20token%20mencukupi%0Aif%20tokens%20%3E%3D%201%20then%0A%20%20%20%20tokens%20%3D%20tokens%20-%201%0A%20%20%20%20redis.call(%22HSET%22%2C%20key%2C%20%22tokens%22%2C%20tokens%2C%20%22last_updated%22%2C%20last_updated)%0A%20%20%20%20redis.call(%22EXPIRE%22%2C%20key%2C%203600)%20--%20TTL%201%20jam%0A%20%20%20%20return%201%20--%20Izinkan%20request%0Aelse%0A%20%20%20%20redis.call(%22HSET%22%2C%20key%2C%20%22tokens%22%2C%20tokens%2C%20%22last_updated%22%2C%20last_updated)%0A%20%20%20%20return%200%20--%20Tolak%20request%20(429)%0Aend\" title=\"Salin kode\">\n      \u003Csvg class=\"w-3.5 h-3.5 copy-icon-svg\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\">\n        \u003Cpath stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M8 16H6a2 2 0 01-2-2V6a2 2 0 012-2h8a2 2 0 012 2v2m-6 12h8a2 2 0 002-2v-8a2 2 0 00-2-2h-8a2 2 0 00-2 2v8a2 2 0 002 2z\">\u003C\u002Fpath>\n      \u003C\u002Fsvg>\n      \u003Cspan class=\"copy-text\">Copy\u003C\u002Fspan>\n    \u003C\u002Fbutton>\n  \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"code-block-content p-4 overflow-x-auto text-sm font-mono leading-relaxed bg-[#24292e]\">\n    \u003Cpre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color:#24292e;color:#e1e4e8\">\u003Ccode>-- Redis Lua Script untuk Token Bucket\nlocal key = KEYS[1]\nlocal limit = tonumber(ARGV[1])        -- Kapasitas maksimum ember (cth: 10)\nlocal current_time = tonumber(ARGV[2]) -- Timestamp saat ini dalam detik\nlocal refill_rate = tonumber(ARGV[3])  -- Token per detik (cth: 2)\n\n-- Ambil data bucket: [tokens, last_updated]\nlocal data = redis.call(\"HMGET\", key, \"tokens\", \"last_updated\")\nlocal tokens = tonumber(data[1])\nlocal last_updated = tonumber(data[2])\n\nif tokens == nil then\n    tokens = limit\n    last_updated = current_time\nelse\n    -- Hitung penambahan token sejak request terakhir\n    local delta = math.max(0, current_time - last_updated)\n    tokens = math.min(limit, tokens + (delta * refill_rate))\n    last_updated = current_time\nend\n\n-- Periksa apakah token mencukupi\nif tokens >= 1 then\n    tokens = tokens - 1\n    redis.call(\"HSET\", key, \"tokens\", tokens, \"last_updated\", last_updated)\n    redis.call(\"EXPIRE\", key, 3600) -- TTL 1 jam\n    return 1 -- Izinkan request\nelse\n    redis.call(\"HSET\", key, \"tokens\", tokens, \"last_updated\", last_updated)\n    return 0 -- Tolak request (429)\nend\u003C\u002Fcode>\u003C\u002Fpre>\n  \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cp>Integrasi sederhananya di aplikasi \u003Cem>backend\u003C\u002Fem> (FastAPI \u002F Python):\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cdiv class=\"code-block-wrapper my-6 not-prose rounded-xl border-2 border-black dark:border-gray-600 shadow-neo overflow-hidden bg-[#24292e] text-[#e1e4e8] transition-all\">\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"code-block-header flex items-center justify-between px-4 py-2.5 bg-[#1f2428] border-b-2 border-black dark:border-gray-600 font-mono text-xs font-bold text-gray-300 select-none\">\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"flex items-center gap-2\">\n      \u003Cspan class=\"w-3 h-3 rounded-full bg-[#ff5f56] border border-black\u002F40 inline-block\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\n      \u003Cspan class=\"w-3 h-3 rounded-full bg-[#ffbd2e] border border-black\u002F40 inline-block\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\n      \u003Cspan class=\"w-3 h-3 rounded-full bg-[#27c93f] border border-black\u002F40 inline-block\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\n      \u003Cspan class=\"ml-2 font-mono font-bold text-xs uppercase tracking-wider text-gray-300\">PYTHON\u003C\u002Fspan>\n    \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n    \u003Cbutton type=\"button\" class=\"copy-code-btn flex items-center gap-1.5 px-3 py-1 text-xs font-bold bg-[#2f363d] text-gray-200 border-2 border-black dark:border-gray-500 rounded-lg shadow-neo-sm hover:translate-x-0.5 hover:translate-y-0.5 hover:shadow-none hover:bg-gray-700 transition-all cursor-pointer\" data-code=\"import%20time%0Aimport%20redis%0Afrom%20fastapi%20import%20FastAPI%2C%20HTTPException%2C%20Request%0A%0Aapp%20%3D%20FastAPI()%0Ar%20%3D%20redis.Redis(host%3D%22localhost%22%2C%20port%3D6379%2C%20db%3D0)%0A%0A%23%20Load%20script%20Lua%20ke%20Redis%0Arate_limit_lua%20%3D%20r.register_script(open(%22token_bucket.lua%22).read())%0A%0A%40app.middleware(%22http%22)%0Aasync%20def%20rate_limit_middleware(request%3A%20Request%2C%20call_next)%3A%0A%20%20%20%20client_ip%20%3D%20request.client.host%0A%20%20%20%20key%20%3D%20f%22rate_limit%3A%7Bclient_ip%7D%22%0A%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20Kapasitas%2010%20token%2C%20refill%202%20token%20per%20detik%0A%20%20%20%20allowed%20%3D%20rate_limit_lua(keys%3D%5Bkey%5D%2C%20args%3D%5B10%2C%20int(time.time())%2C%202%5D)%0A%0A%20%20%20%20if%20not%20allowed%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20raise%20HTTPException(status_code%3D429%2C%20detail%3D%22Too%20Many%20Requests.%20Pelan-pelan%20ya!%22)%0A%0A%20%20%20%20return%20await%20call_next(request)\" title=\"Salin kode\">\n      \u003Csvg class=\"w-3.5 h-3.5 copy-icon-svg\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\">\n        \u003Cpath stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M8 16H6a2 2 0 01-2-2V6a2 2 0 012-2h8a2 2 0 012 2v2m-6 12h8a2 2 0 002-2v-8a2 2 0 00-2-2h-8a2 2 0 00-2 2v8a2 2 0 002 2z\">\u003C\u002Fpath>\n      \u003C\u002Fsvg>\n      \u003Cspan class=\"copy-text\">Copy\u003C\u002Fspan>\n    \u003C\u002Fbutton>\n  \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"code-block-content p-4 overflow-x-auto text-sm font-mono leading-relaxed bg-[#24292e]\">\n    \u003Cpre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color:#24292e;color:#e1e4e8\" tabindex=\"0\">\u003Ccode>\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">import\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\"> time\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">import\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\"> redis\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">from\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\"> fastapi \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">import\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\"> FastAPI, HTTPException, Request\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">app \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">=\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\"> FastAPI()\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">r \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">=\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\"> redis.Redis(\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#FFAB70\">host\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">=\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#9ECBFF\">\"localhost\"\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">, \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#FFAB70\">port\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">=\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#79B8FF\">6379\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">, \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#FFAB70\">db\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">=\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#79B8FF\">0\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">)\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#6A737D\"># Load script Lua ke Redis\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">rate_limit_lua \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">=\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\"> r.register_script(\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#79B8FF\">open\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">(\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#9ECBFF\">\"token_bucket.lua\"\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">).read())\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#B392F0\">@app.middleware\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">(\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#9ECBFF\">\"http\"\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">)\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">async\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\"> def\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#B392F0\"> rate_limit_middleware\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">(request: Request, call_next):\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">    client_ip \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">=\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\"> request.client.host\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">    key \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">=\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\"> f\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#9ECBFF\">\"rate_limit:\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#79B8FF\">{\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">client_ip\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#79B8FF\">}\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#9ECBFF\">\"\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#6A737D\">    # Kapasitas 10 token, refill 2 token per detik\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">    allowed \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">=\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\"> rate_limit_lua(\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#FFAB70\">keys\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">=\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">[key], \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#FFAB70\">args\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">=\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">[\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#79B8FF\">10\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">, \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#79B8FF\">int\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">(time.time()), \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#79B8FF\">2\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">])\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">    if\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\"> not\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\"> allowed:\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">        raise\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\"> HTTPException(\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#FFAB70\">status_code\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">=\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#79B8FF\">429\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">, \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#FFAB70\">detail\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">=\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#9ECBFF\">\"Too Many Requests. Pelan-pelan ya!\"\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">)\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">    return\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\"> await\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\"> call_next(request)\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fcode>\u003C\u002Fpre>\n  \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Ch2 id=\"jadi-algoritma-mana-yang-cocok-buat-kalian\">Jadi, algoritma mana yang cocok buat kalian?\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>Pada akhirnya, nggak ada algoritma yang menang di semua situasi. Token Bucket juara buat API publik karena ramah \u003Cem>burst\u003C\u002Fem>. Leaky Bucket menang kalau kalian butuh aliran yang benar-benar rata. Fixed Window cuma cocok buat proteksi kasar yang nggak butuh presisi tinggi. Sliding Window Counter jadi kompromi paling seimbang buat kuota ketat per jam atau per hari.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>Yang paling penting, hitungan kuotanya disimpan di \u003Cem>shared store\u003C\u002Fem> dan diperiksa secara atomik. Soalnya \u003Cem>rate limiter\u003C\u002Fem> yang salah hitung gara-gara \u003Cem>race condition\u003C\u002Fem> itu kayak kasir yang ngitung duit sambil merem—kelihatan jalan, tapi saldonya udah kacau dari awal.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>Selamat memilih algoritma ria, dan semoga \u003Cem>bucket\u003C\u002Fem> kalian nggak pernah bocor pas jam sibuk! 👋\u003C\u002Fp>\n","\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>Token Bucket paling toleran terhadap lonjakan sesaat, Leaky Bucket ngeluarin \u003Cem>request\u003C\u002Fem> dengan laju rata, Fixed Window paling gampang tapi rawan \u003Cem>boundary spike\u003C\u002Fem>, dan Sliding Window Counter paling seimbang antara akurasi dan hemat memori.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>Token Bucket jadi standar \u003Cem>de facto\u003C\u002Fem> di \u003Cem>API Gateway\u003C\u002Fem> modern kayak AWS API Gateway, Kong, dan NGINX karena ramah sama \u003Cem>burst capacity\u003C\u002Fem>.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>Boundary spike di Fixed Window bisa ngelolosin \u003Cem>request\u003C\u002Fem> sampai dua kali lipat kuota tepat di pergantian interval waktu.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>Sliding Window Counter butuh Redis Hashes dan Lua Script biar operasi cek-kuota tetap atomik dan bebas \u003Cem>race condition\u003C\u002Fem> di arsitektur \u003Cem>microservices\u003C\u002Fem>.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003C\u002Ful>\n",[710,727,740,753,766,786],{"id":711,"title":712,"title_en":21,"slug":713,"excerpt":714,"excerpt_en":21,"has_translation":15,"published_at":715,"reading_time":621,"hidden_from_listing":15,"tags":716,"thumbnail_image":21,"og_image":718,"series":719,"authors":724},133,"Python Strings: the Badge That Only Worked for One Name","python-strings","The badge script printed the right name for the person who wrote it and the wrong name for everybody else. Slicing counts characters, and a name is words.","2026-10-28T13:00:00.000Z",[260,717],"string","\u002Fog\u002Fpython-strings.png",{"id":720,"title":721,"title_en":722,"slug":723},30,"Koleksi dan String","Collections and Strings","python-collections",[725],{"authors_id":726},{"id":303,"name":304,"slug":305,"role":271,"profile_picture":21},{"id":728,"title":729,"title_en":21,"slug":730,"excerpt":731,"excerpt_en":21,"has_translation":15,"published_at":732,"reading_time":621,"hidden_from_listing":15,"tags":733,"thumbnail_image":21,"og_image":735,"series":736,"authors":737},132,"Python Tuples: Why All Three Points Are the Same Point","python-tuples","Three points walk into a loop and come out identical. The list was never copied three times; the name was. A tuple makes that bug impossible.","2026-10-28T12:00:00.000Z",[260,734],"tuple","\u002Fog\u002Fpython-tuples.png",{"id":720,"title":721,"title_en":722,"slug":723},[738],{"authors_id":739},{"id":303,"name":304,"slug":305,"role":271,"profile_picture":21},{"id":741,"title":742,"title_en":21,"slug":743,"excerpt":744,"excerpt_en":21,"has_translation":15,"published_at":745,"reading_time":621,"hidden_from_listing":15,"tags":746,"thumbnail_image":21,"og_image":748,"series":749,"authors":750},131,"Python Sets: the Duplicate That Keeps Coming Back","python-sets","A de-duplication loop that works on clean data leaves four tags where there should be two. The bug is case, and the fix is a `set`.","2026-10-28T11:00:00.000Z",[260,747],"set","\u002Fog\u002Fpython-sets.png",{"id":720,"title":721,"title_en":722,"slug":723},[751],{"authors_id":752},{"id":303,"name":304,"slug":305,"role":271,"profile_picture":21},{"id":754,"title":755,"title_en":21,"slug":756,"excerpt":757,"excerpt_en":21,"has_translation":15,"published_at":758,"reading_time":621,"hidden_from_listing":15,"tags":759,"thumbnail_image":21,"og_image":761,"series":762,"authors":763},130,"Python Dictionaries: the Key That Isn't There","python-dictionary","A word counter dies the first time it meets a word twice. The fix is one line; what takes longer is knowing which of a dict's three lookups to reach for.","2026-10-28T10:00:00.000Z",[260,760],"dictionary","\u002Fog\u002Fpython-dictionary.png",{"id":720,"title":721,"title_en":722,"slug":723},[764],{"authors_id":765},{"id":303,"name":304,"slug":305,"role":271,"profile_picture":21},{"id":767,"title":768,"title_en":769,"slug":770,"excerpt":771,"excerpt_en":772,"has_translation":12,"published_at":773,"reading_time":14,"hidden_from_listing":15,"tags":774,"thumbnail_image":21,"og_image":781,"series":782,"authors":783},129,"Biar RAG nggak kena 504: pisahin jalur query dan ingestion","So Your RAG Stops Hitting 504: Split the Query Path From Ingestion","rag-pisah-jalur-query-dan-ingestion","Satu service RAG yang merangkap parsing dan menjawab kueri bakal tumbang pas ada yang upload PDF 200 halaman. Obatnya dua jalur dan satu queue.","One RAG service that both parses uploads and answers queries will fall over the moment someone uploads a 200-page PDF. The cure is two paths and one queue.","2026-10-22T01:30:00.000Z",[775,776,777,778,779,780],"rag","cloud-run","cloud-tasks","gcp","serverless","arsitektur","\u002Fog\u002Frag-pisah-jalur-query-dan-ingestion.png",{"id":694,"title":35,"title_en":36,"slug":37},[784],{"authors_id":785},{"id":303,"name":304,"slug":305,"role":271,"profile_picture":21},{"id":787,"title":788,"title_en":789,"slug":790,"excerpt":791,"excerpt_en":792,"has_translation":12,"published_at":793,"reading_time":621,"hidden_from_listing":15,"tags":794,"thumbnail_image":21,"og_image":801,"series":802,"authors":803},128,"Linear atau graf: cara mengatur banyak agent tanpa loop abadi","Linear or Graph: How to Run Many Agents Without an Eternal Loop","multi-agen-linear-atau-grafik","Satu agent dengan dua puluh tool gampang kacau. Begitu beberapa agent saling revisi, kamu butuh graf yang mendukung cycle dan angka yang membuatnya berhenti.","One agent with twenty tools gets messy fast. Once several agents revise each other, you need a graph that allows cycles and a number that makes it stop.","2026-10-21T16:05:00.000Z",[795,796,797,798,799,800],"multi-agent","langgraph","autogen","orkestrasi","checkpoint","llm","\u002Fog\u002Fmulti-agen-linear-atau-grafik.png",{"id":694,"title":35,"title_en":36,"slug":37},[804],{"authors_id":805},{"id":303,"name":304,"slug":305,"role":271,"profile_picture":21},[807,810,813,816,819,822,825],{"text":808,"depth":268,"id":809},"Token bucket, si favorit yang fleksibel","token-bucket-si-favorit-yang-fleksibel",{"text":811,"depth":268,"id":812},"Leaky bucket, yang doyan ngerapiin antrean","leaky-bucket-yang-doyan-ngerapiin-antrean",{"text":814,"depth":268,"id":815},"Fixed window counter, simpel tapi ada jebakannya","fixed-window-counter-simpel-tapi-ada-jebakannya",{"text":817,"depth":268,"id":818},"Sliding window counter, akurat tanpa boros memori","sliding-window-counter-akurat-tanpa-boros-memori",{"text":820,"depth":268,"id":821},"Kapan pilih yang mana?","kapan-pilih-yang-mana",{"text":823,"depth":268,"id":824},"Implementasi praktis: token bucket dengan Redis dan Lua","implementasi-praktis-token-bucket-dengan-redis-dan-lua",{"text":826,"depth":268,"id":827},"Jadi, algoritma mana yang cocok buat kalian?","jadi-algoritma-mana-yang-cocok-buat-kalian",1793295835113]