[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":253},["ShallowReactive",2],{"tag-labels":3,"site-header":4,"article-java-switch-id":72},{},{"featuredPost":5,"navigations":29},{"id":6,"title":7,"title_id":8,"slug":9,"excerpt":10,"excerpt_id":11,"has_translation":12,"published_at":13,"reading_time":14,"hidden_from_listing":15,"tags":16,"thumbnail_image":21,"og_image":22,"series":23,"authors":28},110,"When You Pick a Framework Just to Look Different","Ketika Pilih Framework Cuma Biar Kelihatan Beda","ketika-pilih-framework-cuma-biar-kelihatan-beda","The last time you chose a new framework or library, was it because your problem needed that tool, or because it sounded cool and few people around you were using it? That question is uncomfortable. Technology decisions are often made for reasons that never appear in any technical document.","Terakhir kali kamu milih framework atau library baru, itu karena masalahmu butuh alat itu, atau karena alatnya kedengaran keren dan belum banyak yang pakai? Pertanyaan ini nggak enak dijawab. Soalnya keputusan teknologi sering diambil dengan alasan yang nggak pernah ditulis di dokumen teknis mana pun.",true,"2026-10-06T15:25:21.000Z",5,false,[17,18,19,20],"karier","framework","opini","pengalaman",null,"\u002Fog\u002Fketika-pilih-framework-cuma-biar-kelihatan-beda.png",{"id":24,"title":25,"title_id":26,"slug":27},9,"Articles","Artikel","all",[],[30,46,67],{"collection":31,"item":32},"series",{"__typename":31,"title":25,"title_id":26,"slug":27,"children_series":33},[34,38,42],{"title":35,"title_id":36,"slug":37},"Artificial Intelligence","Kecerdasan Artifisial","kecerdasan-artifisial",{"title":39,"title_id":40,"slug":41},"Programming Fundamentals","Konsep Dasar Pemrograman","konsep-dasar-pemrograman",{"title":43,"title_id":44,"slug":45},"Algorithms and Data Structures","Algoritma dan Struktur Data","algoritma-struktur-data",{"collection":31,"item":47},{"__typename":31,"title":48,"title_id":48,"slug":49,"children_series":50},"Tutorial","tutorial",[51,55,59,63],{"title":52,"title_id":53,"slug":54},"Learning Python","Belajar Python","belajar-python",{"title":56,"title_id":57,"slug":58},"Learning Go","Belajar Golang","belajar-golang",{"title":60,"title_id":61,"slug":62},"Learning Java","Belajar Java","belajar-java",{"title":64,"title_id":65,"slug":66},"Learning Pascal","Belajar Pascal","belajar-pascal",{"collection":31,"item":68},{"__typename":31,"title":69,"title_id":69,"slug":70,"children_series":71},"Lab","lab",[],{"article":73,"renderedBody":145,"renderedTakeaway":146,"latestArticles":147,"toc":233},{"id":74,"title":75,"title_id":75,"slug":76,"excerpt":77,"excerpt_id":77,"has_translation":12,"published_at":78,"reading_time":79,"hidden_from_listing":15,"tags":80,"thumbnail_image":21,"og_image":83,"series":84,"authors":137,"seoTitle":21,"seoDescription":21,"body_locale":140,"available_locales":141,"body":143,"takeway":144,"prerequisite":21},149,"Java switch: 78 yang Keluar sebagai C","java-switch","Sebuah program penilaian memberi nilai 78 pada satu lembar ujian lalu mencetak `grade: C`. `case 7` memberi `B` lalu jatuh ke `case 6` karena `break`-nya hilang, dan kompilator tidak mengatakan apa pun soal itu.","2026-11-12T01:00:00.000Z",6,[81,82],"java","percabangan","\u002Fog\u002Fjava-switch.png",{"id":85,"title":60,"title_id":61,"slug":62,"description":86,"description_id":87,"articles":88,"children_series":115,"parent_series":128},13,"Java is one of the most used languages in the world. It earned that with how it handles large applications and how stable it stays over the years. You'll find it in web apps, mobile apps, and enterprise systems alike. Start here and take it one step at a time.","Java adalah bahasa pemrograman yang sangat populer dan banyak digunakan di seluruh dunia. Dikenal karena kekuatannya dalam pengembangan aplikasi besar dan stabilitasnya, Java dipakai untuk berbagai macam aplikasi seperti aplikasi web, mobile, dan enterprise. Yuk mulai belajar Java bareng Inva!",[89,100],{"id":74,"title":90,"title_id":75,"slug":76,"excerpt":91,"excerpt_id":77,"has_translation":12,"published_at":78,"reading_time":79,"hidden_from_listing":15,"tags":80,"thumbnail_image":21,"og_image":83,"series":92,"authors":93},"Java switch: the 78 That Came Out as a C","A grading program marks a paper 78 and prints `grade: C`. `case 7` assigns `B` and then runs into `case 6` because the `break` is missing, and the compiler says nothing about it.",{"id":85,"title":60,"title_id":61,"slug":62},[94],{"authors_id":95},{"id":96,"name":97,"slug":98,"role":99,"profile_picture":21},1,"Daffa Izzuddin","izzudd","Writer",{"id":101,"title":102,"title_id":103,"slug":104,"excerpt":105,"excerpt_id":106,"has_translation":12,"published_at":107,"reading_time":79,"hidden_from_listing":15,"tags":108,"thumbnail_image":21,"og_image":110,"series":111,"authors":112},150,"Java Loops: the Last Price That Never Reached the Sum","Loop Java: Harga Terakhir yang Tidak Pernah Masuk ke Total","java-loops","Four prices add up to 47000, and the cart program prints 36500. The bound is `prices.length - 1`, so the last item is never read while the average is still divided by four.","Empat harga berjumlah 47000, tapi program keranjang mencetak 36500. Batasnya `prices.length - 1`, jadi item terakhir tidak pernah dibaca sementara rata-ratanya tetap dibagi empat.","2026-11-13T01:00:00.000Z",[81,109],"loop","\u002Fog\u002Fjava-loops.png",{"id":85,"title":60,"title_id":61,"slug":62},[113],{"authors_id":114},{"id":96,"name":97,"slug":98,"role":99,"profile_picture":21},[116,122],{"id":117,"title":118,"title_id":119,"slug":120,"description":121,"cover_image":21},21,"Getting Started with Java","Berkenalan dengan Java","java-intro","Meet Java from scratch: your first program, how the pieces fit together, and how to read input and print output.",{"id":123,"title":124,"title_id":125,"slug":126,"description":127,"cover_image":21},22,"Variables, Types, and Operations","Variabel, Tipe Data, dan Operasi","java-variabel-tipe-data","In Java the type has to be clear from the start. We go through the primitive types, then integers and floats in more depth.",{"id":96,"title":48,"title_id":48,"slug":49,"parent_series":21,"children_series":129},[130,132,134,135],{"id":131,"title":52,"title_id":53,"slug":54,"cover_image":21},10,{"id":133,"title":56,"title_id":57,"slug":58,"cover_image":21},11,{"id":85,"title":60,"title_id":61,"slug":62,"cover_image":21},{"id":136,"title":64,"title_id":65,"slug":66,"cover_image":21},14,[138],{"authors_id":139},{"id":96,"name":97,"slug":98,"role":99,"profile_picture":21},"id",[142,140],"en","\nKamu memberi nilai 78 pada satu lembar ujian, dan program penilaianmu mencetak C. Baris di atas nilai itu berbunyi `score: 78`, jadi inputnya benar. Nilainya tetap satu tingkat terlalu rendah. Prosesnya selesai normal, dengan exit status 0, tanpa peringatan kompilator dan tanpa error saat berjalan. Tidak ada apa pun di terminal yang menunjuk ke program itu.\n\n## Program yang mencetak C\n\nBerkasnya berisi satu kelas dengan satu `int` score dan sebuah `switch` pada `score \u002F 10`. Tiap case memilih satu huruf untuk satu rentang nilai, dan `default` menangani sisanya.\n\n```java\n\u002F\u002F Grade.java\npublic class Grade {\n    public static void main(String[] args) {\n        int score = 78;\n        String grade;\n        switch (score \u002F 10) {\n            case 10:\n            case 9:\n                grade = \"A\";\n                break;\n            case 8:\n                grade = \"B\";\n                break;\n            case 7:\n                grade = \"B\";\n            case 6:\n                grade = \"C\";\n                break;\n            default:\n                grade = \"D\";\n        }\n        System.out.println(\"score: \" + score);\n        System.out.println(\"grade: \" + grade);\n    }\n}\n```\n\nKompilasi dan jalankan dengan perintah di bawah ini.\n\n```plain\n$ javac Grade.java && java Grade\nscore: 78\ngrade: C\n```\n\nBaris skornya benar. Karena `score` bertipe `int`, `78 \u002F 10` adalah pembagian bulat dan menghasilkan `7`, jadi switch masuk ke `case 7`. Baca case itu di sumbernya dan semuanya terlihat benar, karena ia memberi `B`. Tidak ada apa pun di output yang mengatakan case mana yang berjalan atau apa yang dilakukannya. Kamu hanya mendapat huruf akhirnya, dan huruf akhirnya salah.\n\n## Apa yang sebenarnya dilakukan break\n\nTanpa `break`, kendali tidak keluar dari switch di akhir sebuah case. Ia justru berjalan terus ke pernyataan case berikutnya. Di sini `case 7` memberi `B`, lalu kendali berlanjut ke `case 6`, yang menimpanya dengan `C`. `break` setelah `case 6` adalah yang pertama menghentikan alurnya.\n\nBagian atas switch memakai perilaku yang sama dengan sengaja. `case 10:` tidak punya pernyataan dan tidak punya `break`, jadi ia jatuh ke `case 9:`, dan kedua label berbagi satu `A`. Jatuh ke bawah adalah alat saat kamu menulisnya dengan sengaja. Ia jadi bug saat kamu cuma lupa menghentikannya.\n\nKompilator diam soal perbedaan itu. Kedua versi sama-sama Java yang legal, jadi programnya terkompilasi, berjalan, dan keluar dengan status 0. Kamu harus menyadari sendiri `break` yang hilang itu, atau mencari cara supaya outputnya bicara.\n\n## Pemeriksaan yang bisa kamu jalankan\n\nChecker ini membaca dua baris yang dicetak program dan membandingkannya dengan nilai yang seharusnya untuk 78. Ia menghitung yang lolos, melaporkan baris mana pun yang tidak cocok, dan menandai baris tambahan.\n\n```java\n\u002F\u002F CheckGrade.java\nimport java.util.List;\nimport java.util.Scanner;\n\npublic class CheckGrade {\n    public static void main(String[] args) {\n        List\u003CString> expected = List.of(\"score: 78\", \"grade: B\");\n        Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);\n        int passed = 0;\n        for (int i = 0; i \u003C expected.size(); i++) {\n            String got = in.hasNextLine() ? in.nextLine() : \"\u003Cnothing>\";\n            if (got.equals(expected.get(i))) {\n                passed++;\n                System.out.println(\"PASS  line \" + (i + 1) + \": \" + got);\n            } else {\n                System.out.println(\"FAIL  line \" + (i + 1) + \": expected \" + expected.get(i) + \", got \" + got);\n            }\n        }\n        if (in.hasNextLine()) {\n            System.out.println(\"FAIL  extra line: \" + in.nextLine());\n        }\n        System.out.println();\n        System.out.println(passed + \" of \" + expected.size() + \" checks passed\");\n        if (passed != expected.size()) {\n            System.exit(1);\n        }\n    }\n}\n```\n\nKompilasi checker-nya lalu sambungkan output program ke situ dengan perintah ini.\n\n```plain\n$ javac CheckGrade.java && java Grade | java CheckGrade\nPASS  line 1: score: 78\nFAIL  line 2: expected grade: B, got grade: C\n\n1 of 2 checks passed\n```\n\nHanya baris pertama yang lolos. Baris kedua adalah seluruh bug-nya: checker menginginkan `grade: B` dan mendapat `grade: C`. Checker juga keluar dengan status 1 sampai kedua baris lolos, jadi kegagalannya terlihat oleh apa pun yang membaca exit status.\n\n## Bentuk yang tidak bisa jatuh ke bawah\n\nJava 14 menambahkan bentuk panah untuk `switch`, dan itu fitur standar di Java 21 yang dipakai di sini. Tiap arm `->` memuat satu hasil, dan tidak ada pernyataan di bawahnya untuk dimasuki. Program yang sama dalam bentuk itu terlihat seperti ini.\n\n```java\n\u002F\u002F Grade.java\npublic class Grade {\n    public static void main(String[] args) {\n        int score = 78;\n        String grade = switch (score \u002F 10) {\n            case 10, 9 -> \"A\";\n            case 8, 7 -> \"B\";\n            case 6 -> \"C\";\n            default -> \"D\";\n        };\n        System.out.println(\"score: \" + score);\n        System.out.println(\"grade: \" + grade);\n    }\n}\n```\n\nKompilasi dan jalankan.\n\n```plain\n$ javac Grade.java && java Grade\nscore: 78\ngrade: B\n```\n\nLalu jalankan checker yang sama terhadapnya.\n\n```plain\n$ java Grade | java CheckGrade\nPASS  line 1: score: 78\nPASS  line 2: grade: B\n\n2 of 2 checks passed\n```\n\nTiga hal berubah. Tiap arm `->` menghasilkan satu hasil. Satu arm bisa membawa beberapa label, seperti pada `case 10, 9 -> \"A\";`. Dan tidak ada cara untuk jatuh ke arm berikutnya, jadi kesalahan dari versi pertama tidak bisa ditulis di sini.\n\n## Saat batasnya bukan kelipatan sepuluh\n\nBentuk panah menghapus fall-through, tapi tidak mengubah aritmetikanya. `score \u002F 10` menaruh 89 dan 80 di keranjang yang sama, karena keduanya terbagi jadi `8`. Versi panah mencetak `grade: B` untuk nilai 89. Aturan yang mengatakan 85 ke atas adalah A tidak bisa ditulis sebagai case pada `score \u002F 10`. Rantai `if` dengan `score >= 85` menyatakan aturan itu langsung, seperti yang dilakukan program berikut dengan skor disetel ke 89.\n\n```java\n\u002F\u002F GradeIf.java\npublic class GradeIf {\n    public static void main(String[] args) {\n        int score = 89;\n        String grade;\n        if (score >= 85) {\n            grade = \"A\";\n        } else if (score >= 70) {\n            grade = \"B\";\n        } else if (score >= 60) {\n            grade = \"C\";\n        } else {\n            grade = \"D\";\n        }\n        System.out.println(\"score: \" + score);\n        System.out.println(\"grade: \" + grade);\n    }\n}\n```\n\n```plain\n$ javac GradeIf.java && java GradeIf\nscore: 89\ngrade: A\n```\n\nItu A untuk 89 yang sama yang dinilai B oleh switch panah. Kedua konstruksi menjawab pertanyaan berbeda saat batasnya bukan kelipatan sepuluh. Pilih `switch` saat nilainya diskret dan sedikit. Pilih `if` saat aturannya berupa ambang.\n\n## Sebelum artikel berikutnya\n\nBuka berkas yang sudah diperbaiki dan ubah `int score = 78;` menjadi `95`. Jalankan lalu sambungkan ke checker yang sama, tanpa diubah.\n\nKamu akan melihat `score: 95` dan `grade: A`, yang merupakan nilai yang benar untuk 95. Checker tetap melaporkan `0 of 2 checks passed`, karena ia mengharapkan `score: 78`. Inputnya tetap, jadi ia mensertifikasi satu input dan bukan aturannya.\n\nKalau sebuah tes hanya pernah memberi satu nilai, bagian mana dari aturan penilaian yang masih belum terbukti?\n","- `switch` hanya keluar dari sebuah case saat mencapai `break`, jadi `break` yang hilang ikut menjalankan pernyataan case berikutnya.\n- Di program awal, `case 7` memberi `B` dan `case 6` menimpanya dengan `C`, jadi nilai 78 mencetak `grade: C`.\n- Label yang dikelompokkan seperti `case 10:` dan `case 9:` sengaja dibiarkan jatuh ke bawah, mekanisme yang sama yang dipakai secara sengaja.\n- Bentuk panah (`case 8, 7 -> \"B\";`) datang di Java 14 dan tidak bisa jatuh ke bawah, karena satu arm tidak punya pernyataan untuk dimasuki.\n- `score \u002F 10` menaruh 89 dan 80 di keranjang yang sama, jadi aturan ambang seperti 85 ke atas butuh rantai `if`, bukan `switch`.\n- Checker dengan input tetap hanya mensertifikasi satu nilai, bukan aturan penilaiannya: beri 95 dan ia melaporkan `0 of 2 checks passed`.","\u003Cp>Kamu memberi nilai 78 pada satu lembar ujian, dan program penilaianmu mencetak C. Baris di atas nilai itu berbunyi \u003Ccode>score: 78\u003C\u002Fcode>, jadi inputnya benar. Nilainya tetap satu tingkat terlalu rendah. Prosesnya selesai normal, dengan exit status 0, tanpa peringatan kompilator dan tanpa error saat berjalan. Tidak ada apa pun di terminal yang menunjuk ke program itu.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"program-yang-mencetak-c\">Program yang mencetak C\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>Berkasnya berisi satu kelas dengan satu \u003Ccode>int\u003C\u002Fcode> score dan sebuah \u003Ccode>switch\u003C\u002Fcode> pada \u003Ccode>score \u002F 10\u003C\u002Fcode>. Tiap case memilih satu huruf untuk satu rentang nilai, dan \u003Ccode>default\u003C\u002Fcode> menangani sisanya.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cdiv class=\"code-block-wrapper my-6 not-prose rounded-xl border-2 border-black dark:border-gray-600 shadow-neo overflow-hidden bg-[#24292e] text-[#e1e4e8] transition-all\">\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"code-block-header flex items-center justify-between px-4 py-2.5 bg-[#1f2428] border-b-2 border-black dark:border-gray-600 font-mono text-xs font-bold text-gray-300 select-none\">\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"flex items-center gap-2\">\n      \u003Cspan class=\"w-3 h-3 rounded-full bg-[#ff5f56] border border-black\u002F40 inline-block\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\n      \u003Cspan class=\"w-3 h-3 rounded-full bg-[#ffbd2e] border border-black\u002F40 inline-block\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\n      \u003Cspan class=\"w-3 h-3 rounded-full bg-[#27c93f] border border-black\u002F40 inline-block\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\n      \u003Cspan class=\"ml-2 font-mono font-bold text-xs uppercase tracking-wider text-gray-300\">JAVA\u003C\u002Fspan>\n    \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n    \u003Cbutton type=\"button\" class=\"copy-code-btn flex items-center gap-1.5 px-3 py-1 text-xs font-bold bg-[#2f363d] text-gray-200 border-2 border-black dark:border-gray-500 rounded-lg shadow-neo-sm hover:translate-x-0.5 hover:translate-y-0.5 hover:shadow-none hover:bg-gray-700 transition-all cursor-pointer\" data-code=\"%2F%2F%20Grade.java%0Apublic%20class%20Grade%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20public%20static%20void%20main(String%5B%5D%20args)%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20int%20score%20%3D%2078%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20String%20grade%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20switch%20(score%20%2F%2010)%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20case%2010%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20case%209%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20grade%20%3D%20%22A%22%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20break%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20case%208%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20grade%20%3D%20%22B%22%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20break%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20case%207%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20grade%20%3D%20%22B%22%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20case%206%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20grade%20%3D%20%22C%22%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20break%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20default%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20grade%20%3D%20%22D%22%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%7D%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20System.out.println(%22score%3A%20%22%20%2B%20score)%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20System.out.println(%22grade%3A%20%22%20%2B%20grade)%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%7D%0A%7D\" title=\"Salin\">\n      \u003Csvg class=\"w-3.5 h-3.5 copy-icon-svg\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\">\n        \u003Cpath stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M8 16H6a2 2 0 01-2-2V6a2 2 0 012-2h8a2 2 0 012 2v2m-6 12h8a2 2 0 002-2v-8a2 2 0 00-2-2h-8a2 2 0 00-2 2v8a2 2 0 002 2z\">\u003C\u002Fpath>\n      \u003C\u002Fsvg>\n      \u003Cspan class=\"copy-text\">Salin\u003C\u002Fspan>\n    \u003C\u002Fbutton>\n  \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"code-block-content p-4 overflow-x-auto text-sm font-mono leading-relaxed bg-[#24292e]\">\n    \u003Cpre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color:#24292e;color:#e1e4e8\" tabindex=\"0\">\u003Ccode>\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#6A737D\">\u002F\u002F Grade.java\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">public\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\"> class\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#B392F0\"> Grade\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\"> {\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">    public\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\"> static\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\"> void\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#B392F0\"> main\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">(\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">String\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">[] \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#FFAB70\">args\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">) {\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">        int\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\"> score \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">=\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#79B8FF\"> 78\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">;\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">        String grade;\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">        switch\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\"> (score \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">\u002F\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#79B8FF\"> 10\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">) {\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">            case\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#79B8FF\"> 10\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">:\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">            case\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#79B8FF\"> 9\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">:\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">                grade \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">=\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#9ECBFF\"> \"A\"\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">;\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">                break\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">;\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">            case\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#79B8FF\"> 8\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">:\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">                grade \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">=\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#9ECBFF\"> \"B\"\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">;\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">                break\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">;\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">            case\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#79B8FF\"> 7\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">:\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">                grade \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">=\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#9ECBFF\"> \"B\"\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">;\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">            case\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#79B8FF\"> 6\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">:\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">                grade \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">=\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#9ECBFF\"> \"C\"\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">;\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">                break\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">;\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">            default:\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">                grade \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">=\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#9ECBFF\"> \"D\"\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">;\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">        }\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">        System.out.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#B392F0\">println\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">(\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#9ECBFF\">\"score: \"\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\"> +\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\"> score);\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">        System.out.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#B392F0\">println\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">(\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#9ECBFF\">\"grade: \"\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\"> +\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\"> grade);\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">    }\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">}\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fcode>\u003C\u002Fpre>\n  \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cp>Kompilasi dan jalankan dengan perintah di bawah ini.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cdiv class=\"code-block-wrapper code-output my-6 not-prose rounded-xl border-2 border-black dark:border-gray-600 shadow-neo overflow-hidden text-[#e1e4e8] transition-all\" data-output-block>\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"code-block-header flex items-center justify-between px-4 py-2.5 bg-[#1f2428] border-b-2 border-black dark:border-gray-600 font-mono text-xs font-bold text-gray-300 select-none\">\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"flex items-center gap-2\">\n      \u003Cspan class=\"code-output-mark\" aria-hidden=\"true\">>_\u003C\u002Fspan>\n      \u003Cspan class=\"ml-1 font-mono font-bold text-xs uppercase tracking-wider text-gray-300\">Keluaran\u003C\u002Fspan>\n    \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n    \u003Cbutton type=\"button\" class=\"copy-code-btn flex items-center gap-1.5 px-3 py-1 text-xs font-bold bg-[#2f363d] text-gray-200 border-2 border-black dark:border-gray-500 rounded-lg shadow-neo-sm hover:translate-x-0.5 hover:translate-y-0.5 hover:shadow-none hover:bg-gray-700 transition-all cursor-pointer\" data-code=\"%24%20javac%20Grade.java%20%26%26%20java%20Grade%0Ascore%3A%2078%0Agrade%3A%20C\" title=\"Salin\">\n      \u003Csvg class=\"w-3.5 h-3.5 copy-icon-svg\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\">\n        \u003Cpath stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M8 16H6a2 2 0 01-2-2V6a2 2 0 012-2h8a2 2 0 012 2v2m-6 12h8a2 2 0 002-2v-8a2 2 0 00-2-2h-8a2 2 0 00-2 2v8a2 2 0 002 2z\">\u003C\u002Fpath>\n      \u003C\u002Fsvg>\n      \u003Cspan class=\"copy-text\">Salin\u003C\u002Fspan>\n    \u003C\u002Fbutton>\n  \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"code-block-content p-4 overflow-x-auto text-sm font-mono leading-relaxed\">\n    \u003Cpre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color:#24292e;color:#e1e4e8\">\u003Ccode>\u003Cspan class=\"code-output-cmd\">$ javac Grade.java && java Grade\u003C\u002Fspan>\nscore: 78\ngrade: C\u003C\u002Fcode>\u003C\u002Fpre>\n  \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cp>Baris skornya benar. Karena \u003Ccode>score\u003C\u002Fcode> bertipe \u003Ccode>int\u003C\u002Fcode>, \u003Ccode>78 \u002F 10\u003C\u002Fcode> adalah pembagian bulat dan menghasilkan \u003Ccode>7\u003C\u002Fcode>, jadi switch masuk ke \u003Ccode>case 7\u003C\u002Fcode>. Baca case itu di sumbernya dan semuanya terlihat benar, karena ia memberi \u003Ccode>B\u003C\u002Fcode>. Tidak ada apa pun di output yang mengatakan case mana yang berjalan atau apa yang dilakukannya. Kamu hanya mendapat huruf akhirnya, dan huruf akhirnya salah.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"apa-yang-sebenarnya-dilakukan-break\">Apa yang sebenarnya dilakukan break\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>Tanpa \u003Ccode>break\u003C\u002Fcode>, kendali tidak keluar dari switch di akhir sebuah case. Ia justru berjalan terus ke pernyataan case berikutnya. Di sini \u003Ccode>case 7\u003C\u002Fcode> memberi \u003Ccode>B\u003C\u002Fcode>, lalu kendali berlanjut ke \u003Ccode>case 6\u003C\u002Fcode>, yang menimpanya dengan \u003Ccode>C\u003C\u002Fcode>. \u003Ccode>break\u003C\u002Fcode> setelah \u003Ccode>case 6\u003C\u002Fcode> adalah yang pertama menghentikan alurnya.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>Bagian atas switch memakai perilaku yang sama dengan sengaja. \u003Ccode>case 10:\u003C\u002Fcode> tidak punya pernyataan dan tidak punya \u003Ccode>break\u003C\u002Fcode>, jadi ia jatuh ke \u003Ccode>case 9:\u003C\u002Fcode>, dan kedua label berbagi satu \u003Ccode>A\u003C\u002Fcode>. Jatuh ke bawah adalah alat saat kamu menulisnya dengan sengaja. Ia jadi bug saat kamu cuma lupa menghentikannya.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>Kompilator diam soal perbedaan itu. Kedua versi sama-sama Java yang legal, jadi programnya terkompilasi, berjalan, dan keluar dengan status 0. Kamu harus menyadari sendiri \u003Ccode>break\u003C\u002Fcode> yang hilang itu, atau mencari cara supaya outputnya bicara.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"pemeriksaan-yang-bisa-kamu-jalankan\">Pemeriksaan yang bisa kamu jalankan\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>Checker ini membaca dua baris yang dicetak program dan membandingkannya dengan nilai yang seharusnya untuk 78. Ia menghitung yang lolos, melaporkan baris mana pun yang tidak cocok, dan menandai baris tambahan.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cdiv class=\"code-block-wrapper my-6 not-prose rounded-xl border-2 border-black dark:border-gray-600 shadow-neo overflow-hidden bg-[#24292e] text-[#e1e4e8] transition-all\">\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"code-block-header flex items-center justify-between px-4 py-2.5 bg-[#1f2428] border-b-2 border-black dark:border-gray-600 font-mono text-xs font-bold text-gray-300 select-none\">\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"flex items-center gap-2\">\n      \u003Cspan class=\"w-3 h-3 rounded-full bg-[#ff5f56] border border-black\u002F40 inline-block\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\n      \u003Cspan class=\"w-3 h-3 rounded-full bg-[#ffbd2e] border border-black\u002F40 inline-block\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\n      \u003Cspan class=\"w-3 h-3 rounded-full bg-[#27c93f] border border-black\u002F40 inline-block\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\n      \u003Cspan class=\"ml-2 font-mono font-bold text-xs uppercase tracking-wider text-gray-300\">JAVA\u003C\u002Fspan>\n    \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n    \u003Cbutton type=\"button\" class=\"copy-code-btn flex items-center gap-1.5 px-3 py-1 text-xs font-bold bg-[#2f363d] text-gray-200 border-2 border-black dark:border-gray-500 rounded-lg shadow-neo-sm hover:translate-x-0.5 hover:translate-y-0.5 hover:shadow-none hover:bg-gray-700 transition-all cursor-pointer\" data-code=\"%2F%2F%20CheckGrade.java%0Aimport%20java.util.List%3B%0Aimport%20java.util.Scanner%3B%0A%0Apublic%20class%20CheckGrade%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20public%20static%20void%20main(String%5B%5D%20args)%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20List%3CString%3E%20expected%20%3D%20List.of(%22score%3A%2078%22%2C%20%22grade%3A%20B%22)%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Scanner%20in%20%3D%20new%20Scanner(System.in)%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20int%20passed%20%3D%200%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20for%20(int%20i%20%3D%200%3B%20i%20%3C%20expected.size()%3B%20i%2B%2B)%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20String%20got%20%3D%20in.hasNextLine()%20%3F%20in.nextLine()%20%3A%20%22%3Cnothing%3E%22%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20if%20(got.equals(expected.get(i)))%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20passed%2B%2B%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20System.out.println(%22PASS%20%20line%20%22%20%2B%20(i%20%2B%201)%20%2B%20%22%3A%20%22%20%2B%20got)%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%7D%20else%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20System.out.println(%22FAIL%20%20line%20%22%20%2B%20(i%20%2B%201)%20%2B%20%22%3A%20expected%20%22%20%2B%20expected.get(i)%20%2B%20%22%2C%20got%20%22%20%2B%20got)%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%7D%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%7D%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20if%20(in.hasNextLine())%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20System.out.println(%22FAIL%20%20extra%20line%3A%20%22%20%2B%20in.nextLine())%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%7D%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20System.out.println()%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20System.out.println(passed%20%2B%20%22%20of%20%22%20%2B%20expected.size()%20%2B%20%22%20checks%20passed%22)%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20if%20(passed%20!%3D%20expected.size())%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20System.exit(1)%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%7D%0A%20%20%20%20%7D%0A%7D\" title=\"Salin\">\n      \u003Csvg class=\"w-3.5 h-3.5 copy-icon-svg\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\">\n        \u003Cpath stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M8 16H6a2 2 0 01-2-2V6a2 2 0 012-2h8a2 2 0 012 2v2m-6 12h8a2 2 0 002-2v-8a2 2 0 00-2-2h-8a2 2 0 00-2 2v8a2 2 0 002 2z\">\u003C\u002Fpath>\n      \u003C\u002Fsvg>\n      \u003Cspan class=\"copy-text\">Salin\u003C\u002Fspan>\n    \u003C\u002Fbutton>\n  \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"code-block-content p-4 overflow-x-auto text-sm font-mono leading-relaxed bg-[#24292e]\">\n    \u003Cpre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color:#24292e;color:#e1e4e8\" tabindex=\"0\">\u003Ccode>\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#6A737D\">\u002F\u002F CheckGrade.java\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">import\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\"> java.util.List;\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">import\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\"> java.util.Scanner;\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">public\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\"> class\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#B392F0\"> CheckGrade\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\"> {\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">    public\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\"> static\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\"> void\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#B392F0\"> main\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">(\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">String\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">[] \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#FFAB70\">args\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">) {\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">        List<\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">String\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">> expected \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">=\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\"> List.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#B392F0\">of\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">(\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#9ECBFF\">\"score: 78\"\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">, \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#9ECBFF\">\"grade: B\"\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">);\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">        Scanner in \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">=\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\"> new\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#B392F0\"> Scanner\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">(System.in);\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">        int\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\"> passed \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">=\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#79B8FF\"> 0\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">;\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">        for\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\"> (\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">int\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\"> i \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">=\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#79B8FF\"> 0\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">; i \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\"><\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\"> expected.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#B392F0\">size\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">(); i\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">++\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">) {\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">            String got \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">=\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\"> in.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#B392F0\">hasNextLine\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">() \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">?\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\"> in.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#B392F0\">nextLine\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">() \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">:\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#9ECBFF\"> \"<nothing>\"\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">;\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">            if\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\"> (got.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#B392F0\">equals\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">(expected.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#B392F0\">get\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">(i))) {\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">                passed\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">++\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">;\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">                System.out.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#B392F0\">println\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">(\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#9ECBFF\">\"PASS  line \"\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\"> +\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\"> (i \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">+\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#79B8FF\"> 1\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">) \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">+\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#9ECBFF\"> \": \"\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\"> +\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\"> got);\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">            } \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">else\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\"> {\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">                System.out.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#B392F0\">println\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">(\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#9ECBFF\">\"FAIL  line \"\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\"> +\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\"> (i \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">+\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#79B8FF\"> 1\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">) \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">+\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#9ECBFF\"> \": expected \"\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\"> +\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\"> expected.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#B392F0\">get\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">(i) \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">+\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#9ECBFF\"> \", got \"\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\"> +\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\"> got);\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">            }\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">        }\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">        if\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\"> (in.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#B392F0\">hasNextLine\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">()) {\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">            System.out.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#B392F0\">println\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">(\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#9ECBFF\">\"FAIL  extra line: \"\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\"> +\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\"> in.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#B392F0\">nextLine\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">());\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">        }\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">        System.out.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#B392F0\">println\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">();\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">        System.out.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#B392F0\">println\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">(passed \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">+\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#9ECBFF\"> \" of \"\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\"> +\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\"> expected.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#B392F0\">size\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">() \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">+\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#9ECBFF\"> \" checks passed\"\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">);\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">        if\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\"> (passed \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">!=\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\"> expected.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#B392F0\">size\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">()) {\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">            System.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#B392F0\">exit\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">(\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#79B8FF\">1\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">);\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">        }\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">    }\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">}\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fcode>\u003C\u002Fpre>\n  \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cp>Kompilasi checker-nya lalu sambungkan output program ke situ dengan perintah ini.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cdiv class=\"code-block-wrapper code-output my-6 not-prose rounded-xl border-2 border-black dark:border-gray-600 shadow-neo overflow-hidden text-[#e1e4e8] transition-all\" data-output-block>\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"code-block-header flex items-center justify-between px-4 py-2.5 bg-[#1f2428] border-b-2 border-black dark:border-gray-600 font-mono text-xs font-bold text-gray-300 select-none\">\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"flex items-center gap-2\">\n      \u003Cspan class=\"code-output-mark\" aria-hidden=\"true\">>_\u003C\u002Fspan>\n      \u003Cspan class=\"ml-1 font-mono font-bold text-xs uppercase tracking-wider text-gray-300\">Keluaran\u003C\u002Fspan>\n    \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n    \u003Cbutton type=\"button\" class=\"copy-code-btn flex items-center gap-1.5 px-3 py-1 text-xs font-bold bg-[#2f363d] text-gray-200 border-2 border-black dark:border-gray-500 rounded-lg shadow-neo-sm hover:translate-x-0.5 hover:translate-y-0.5 hover:shadow-none hover:bg-gray-700 transition-all cursor-pointer\" data-code=\"%24%20javac%20CheckGrade.java%20%26%26%20java%20Grade%20%7C%20java%20CheckGrade%0APASS%20%20line%201%3A%20score%3A%2078%0AFAIL%20%20line%202%3A%20expected%20grade%3A%20B%2C%20got%20grade%3A%20C%0A%0A1%20of%202%20checks%20passed\" title=\"Salin\">\n      \u003Csvg class=\"w-3.5 h-3.5 copy-icon-svg\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\">\n        \u003Cpath stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M8 16H6a2 2 0 01-2-2V6a2 2 0 012-2h8a2 2 0 012 2v2m-6 12h8a2 2 0 002-2v-8a2 2 0 00-2-2h-8a2 2 0 00-2 2v8a2 2 0 002 2z\">\u003C\u002Fpath>\n      \u003C\u002Fsvg>\n      \u003Cspan class=\"copy-text\">Salin\u003C\u002Fspan>\n    \u003C\u002Fbutton>\n  \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"code-block-content p-4 overflow-x-auto text-sm font-mono leading-relaxed\">\n    \u003Cpre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color:#24292e;color:#e1e4e8\">\u003Ccode>\u003Cspan class=\"code-output-cmd\">$ javac CheckGrade.java && java Grade | java CheckGrade\u003C\u002Fspan>\nPASS  line 1: score: 78\nFAIL  line 2: expected grade: B, got grade: C\n\n1 of 2 checks passed\u003C\u002Fcode>\u003C\u002Fpre>\n  \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cp>Hanya baris pertama yang lolos. Baris kedua adalah seluruh bug-nya: checker menginginkan \u003Ccode>grade: B\u003C\u002Fcode> dan mendapat \u003Ccode>grade: C\u003C\u002Fcode>. Checker juga keluar dengan status 1 sampai kedua baris lolos, jadi kegagalannya terlihat oleh apa pun yang membaca exit status.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"bentuk-yang-tidak-bisa-jatuh-ke-bawah\">Bentuk yang tidak bisa jatuh ke bawah\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>Java 14 menambahkan bentuk panah untuk \u003Ccode>switch\u003C\u002Fcode>, dan itu fitur standar di Java 21 yang dipakai di sini. Tiap arm \u003Ccode>->\u003C\u002Fcode> memuat satu hasil, dan tidak ada pernyataan di bawahnya untuk dimasuki. Program yang sama dalam bentuk itu terlihat seperti ini.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cdiv class=\"code-block-wrapper my-6 not-prose rounded-xl border-2 border-black dark:border-gray-600 shadow-neo overflow-hidden bg-[#24292e] text-[#e1e4e8] transition-all\">\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"code-block-header flex items-center justify-between px-4 py-2.5 bg-[#1f2428] border-b-2 border-black dark:border-gray-600 font-mono text-xs font-bold text-gray-300 select-none\">\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"flex items-center gap-2\">\n      \u003Cspan class=\"w-3 h-3 rounded-full bg-[#ff5f56] border border-black\u002F40 inline-block\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\n      \u003Cspan class=\"w-3 h-3 rounded-full bg-[#ffbd2e] border border-black\u002F40 inline-block\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\n      \u003Cspan class=\"w-3 h-3 rounded-full bg-[#27c93f] border border-black\u002F40 inline-block\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\n      \u003Cspan class=\"ml-2 font-mono font-bold text-xs uppercase tracking-wider text-gray-300\">JAVA\u003C\u002Fspan>\n    \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n    \u003Cbutton type=\"button\" class=\"copy-code-btn flex items-center gap-1.5 px-3 py-1 text-xs font-bold bg-[#2f363d] text-gray-200 border-2 border-black dark:border-gray-500 rounded-lg shadow-neo-sm hover:translate-x-0.5 hover:translate-y-0.5 hover:shadow-none hover:bg-gray-700 transition-all cursor-pointer\" data-code=\"%2F%2F%20Grade.java%0Apublic%20class%20Grade%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20public%20static%20void%20main(String%5B%5D%20args)%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20int%20score%20%3D%2078%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20String%20grade%20%3D%20switch%20(score%20%2F%2010)%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20case%2010%2C%209%20-%3E%20%22A%22%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20case%208%2C%207%20-%3E%20%22B%22%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20case%206%20-%3E%20%22C%22%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20default%20-%3E%20%22D%22%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%7D%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20System.out.println(%22score%3A%20%22%20%2B%20score)%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20System.out.println(%22grade%3A%20%22%20%2B%20grade)%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%7D%0A%7D\" title=\"Salin\">\n      \u003Csvg class=\"w-3.5 h-3.5 copy-icon-svg\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\">\n        \u003Cpath stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M8 16H6a2 2 0 01-2-2V6a2 2 0 012-2h8a2 2 0 012 2v2m-6 12h8a2 2 0 002-2v-8a2 2 0 00-2-2h-8a2 2 0 00-2 2v8a2 2 0 002 2z\">\u003C\u002Fpath>\n      \u003C\u002Fsvg>\n      \u003Cspan class=\"copy-text\">Salin\u003C\u002Fspan>\n    \u003C\u002Fbutton>\n  \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"code-block-content p-4 overflow-x-auto text-sm font-mono leading-relaxed bg-[#24292e]\">\n    \u003Cpre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color:#24292e;color:#e1e4e8\" tabindex=\"0\">\u003Ccode>\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#6A737D\">\u002F\u002F Grade.java\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">public\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\"> class\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#B392F0\"> Grade\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\"> {\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">    public\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\"> static\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\"> void\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#B392F0\"> main\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">(\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">String\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">[] \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#FFAB70\">args\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">) {\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">        int\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\"> score \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">=\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#79B8FF\"> 78\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">;\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">        String grade \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">=\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\"> switch\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\"> (score \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">\u002F\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#79B8FF\"> 10\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">) {\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">            case\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#79B8FF\"> 10\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">, \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#79B8FF\">9\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\"> ->\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#9ECBFF\"> \"A\"\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">;\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">            case\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#79B8FF\"> 8\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">, \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#79B8FF\">7\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\"> ->\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#9ECBFF\"> \"B\"\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">;\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">            case\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#79B8FF\"> 6\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\"> ->\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#9ECBFF\"> \"C\"\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">;\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">            default\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\"> ->\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#9ECBFF\"> \"D\"\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">;\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">        };\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">        System.out.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#B392F0\">println\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">(\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#9ECBFF\">\"score: \"\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\"> +\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\"> score);\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">        System.out.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#B392F0\">println\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">(\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#9ECBFF\">\"grade: \"\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\"> +\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\"> grade);\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">    }\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">}\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fcode>\u003C\u002Fpre>\n  \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cp>Kompilasi dan jalankan.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cdiv class=\"code-block-wrapper code-output my-6 not-prose rounded-xl border-2 border-black dark:border-gray-600 shadow-neo overflow-hidden text-[#e1e4e8] transition-all\" data-output-block>\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"code-block-header flex items-center justify-between px-4 py-2.5 bg-[#1f2428] border-b-2 border-black dark:border-gray-600 font-mono text-xs font-bold text-gray-300 select-none\">\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"flex items-center gap-2\">\n      \u003Cspan class=\"code-output-mark\" aria-hidden=\"true\">>_\u003C\u002Fspan>\n      \u003Cspan class=\"ml-1 font-mono font-bold text-xs uppercase tracking-wider text-gray-300\">Keluaran\u003C\u002Fspan>\n    \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n    \u003Cbutton type=\"button\" class=\"copy-code-btn flex items-center gap-1.5 px-3 py-1 text-xs font-bold bg-[#2f363d] text-gray-200 border-2 border-black dark:border-gray-500 rounded-lg shadow-neo-sm hover:translate-x-0.5 hover:translate-y-0.5 hover:shadow-none hover:bg-gray-700 transition-all cursor-pointer\" data-code=\"%24%20javac%20Grade.java%20%26%26%20java%20Grade%0Ascore%3A%2078%0Agrade%3A%20B\" title=\"Salin\">\n      \u003Csvg class=\"w-3.5 h-3.5 copy-icon-svg\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\">\n        \u003Cpath stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M8 16H6a2 2 0 01-2-2V6a2 2 0 012-2h8a2 2 0 012 2v2m-6 12h8a2 2 0 002-2v-8a2 2 0 00-2-2h-8a2 2 0 00-2 2v8a2 2 0 002 2z\">\u003C\u002Fpath>\n      \u003C\u002Fsvg>\n      \u003Cspan class=\"copy-text\">Salin\u003C\u002Fspan>\n    \u003C\u002Fbutton>\n  \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"code-block-content p-4 overflow-x-auto text-sm font-mono leading-relaxed\">\n    \u003Cpre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color:#24292e;color:#e1e4e8\">\u003Ccode>\u003Cspan class=\"code-output-cmd\">$ javac Grade.java && java Grade\u003C\u002Fspan>\nscore: 78\ngrade: B\u003C\u002Fcode>\u003C\u002Fpre>\n  \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cp>Lalu jalankan checker yang sama terhadapnya.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cdiv class=\"code-block-wrapper code-output my-6 not-prose rounded-xl border-2 border-black dark:border-gray-600 shadow-neo overflow-hidden text-[#e1e4e8] transition-all\" data-output-block>\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"code-block-header flex items-center justify-between px-4 py-2.5 bg-[#1f2428] border-b-2 border-black dark:border-gray-600 font-mono text-xs font-bold text-gray-300 select-none\">\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"flex items-center gap-2\">\n      \u003Cspan class=\"code-output-mark\" aria-hidden=\"true\">>_\u003C\u002Fspan>\n      \u003Cspan class=\"ml-1 font-mono font-bold text-xs uppercase tracking-wider text-gray-300\">Keluaran\u003C\u002Fspan>\n    \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n    \u003Cbutton type=\"button\" class=\"copy-code-btn flex items-center gap-1.5 px-3 py-1 text-xs font-bold bg-[#2f363d] text-gray-200 border-2 border-black dark:border-gray-500 rounded-lg shadow-neo-sm hover:translate-x-0.5 hover:translate-y-0.5 hover:shadow-none hover:bg-gray-700 transition-all cursor-pointer\" data-code=\"%24%20java%20Grade%20%7C%20java%20CheckGrade%0APASS%20%20line%201%3A%20score%3A%2078%0APASS%20%20line%202%3A%20grade%3A%20B%0A%0A2%20of%202%20checks%20passed\" title=\"Salin\">\n      \u003Csvg class=\"w-3.5 h-3.5 copy-icon-svg\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\">\n        \u003Cpath stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M8 16H6a2 2 0 01-2-2V6a2 2 0 012-2h8a2 2 0 012 2v2m-6 12h8a2 2 0 002-2v-8a2 2 0 00-2-2h-8a2 2 0 00-2 2v8a2 2 0 002 2z\">\u003C\u002Fpath>\n      \u003C\u002Fsvg>\n      \u003Cspan class=\"copy-text\">Salin\u003C\u002Fspan>\n    \u003C\u002Fbutton>\n  \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"code-block-content p-4 overflow-x-auto text-sm font-mono leading-relaxed\">\n    \u003Cpre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color:#24292e;color:#e1e4e8\">\u003Ccode>\u003Cspan class=\"code-output-cmd\">$ java Grade | java CheckGrade\u003C\u002Fspan>\nPASS  line 1: score: 78\nPASS  line 2: grade: B\n\n2 of 2 checks passed\u003C\u002Fcode>\u003C\u002Fpre>\n  \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cp>Tiga hal berubah. Tiap arm \u003Ccode>->\u003C\u002Fcode> menghasilkan satu hasil. Satu arm bisa membawa beberapa label, seperti pada \u003Ccode>case 10, 9 -> "A";\u003C\u002Fcode>. Dan tidak ada cara untuk jatuh ke arm berikutnya, jadi kesalahan dari versi pertama tidak bisa ditulis di sini.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"saat-batasnya-bukan-kelipatan-sepuluh\">Saat batasnya bukan kelipatan sepuluh\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>Bentuk panah menghapus fall-through, tapi tidak mengubah aritmetikanya. \u003Ccode>score \u002F 10\u003C\u002Fcode> menaruh 89 dan 80 di keranjang yang sama, karena keduanya terbagi jadi \u003Ccode>8\u003C\u002Fcode>. Versi panah mencetak \u003Ccode>grade: B\u003C\u002Fcode> untuk nilai 89. Aturan yang mengatakan 85 ke atas adalah A tidak bisa ditulis sebagai case pada \u003Ccode>score \u002F 10\u003C\u002Fcode>. Rantai \u003Ccode>if\u003C\u002Fcode> dengan \u003Ccode>score >= 85\u003C\u002Fcode> menyatakan aturan itu langsung, seperti yang dilakukan program berikut dengan skor disetel ke 89.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cdiv class=\"code-block-wrapper my-6 not-prose rounded-xl border-2 border-black dark:border-gray-600 shadow-neo overflow-hidden bg-[#24292e] text-[#e1e4e8] transition-all\">\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"code-block-header flex items-center justify-between px-4 py-2.5 bg-[#1f2428] border-b-2 border-black dark:border-gray-600 font-mono text-xs font-bold text-gray-300 select-none\">\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"flex items-center gap-2\">\n      \u003Cspan class=\"w-3 h-3 rounded-full bg-[#ff5f56] border border-black\u002F40 inline-block\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\n      \u003Cspan class=\"w-3 h-3 rounded-full bg-[#ffbd2e] border border-black\u002F40 inline-block\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\n      \u003Cspan class=\"w-3 h-3 rounded-full bg-[#27c93f] border border-black\u002F40 inline-block\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\n      \u003Cspan class=\"ml-2 font-mono font-bold text-xs uppercase tracking-wider text-gray-300\">JAVA\u003C\u002Fspan>\n    \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n    \u003Cbutton type=\"button\" class=\"copy-code-btn flex items-center gap-1.5 px-3 py-1 text-xs font-bold bg-[#2f363d] text-gray-200 border-2 border-black dark:border-gray-500 rounded-lg shadow-neo-sm hover:translate-x-0.5 hover:translate-y-0.5 hover:shadow-none hover:bg-gray-700 transition-all cursor-pointer\" data-code=\"%2F%2F%20GradeIf.java%0Apublic%20class%20GradeIf%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20public%20static%20void%20main(String%5B%5D%20args)%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20int%20score%20%3D%2089%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20String%20grade%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20if%20(score%20%3E%3D%2085)%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20grade%20%3D%20%22A%22%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%7D%20else%20if%20(score%20%3E%3D%2070)%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20grade%20%3D%20%22B%22%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%7D%20else%20if%20(score%20%3E%3D%2060)%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20grade%20%3D%20%22C%22%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%7D%20else%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20grade%20%3D%20%22D%22%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%7D%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20System.out.println(%22score%3A%20%22%20%2B%20score)%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20System.out.println(%22grade%3A%20%22%20%2B%20grade)%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%7D%0A%7D\" title=\"Salin\">\n      \u003Csvg class=\"w-3.5 h-3.5 copy-icon-svg\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\">\n        \u003Cpath stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M8 16H6a2 2 0 01-2-2V6a2 2 0 012-2h8a2 2 0 012 2v2m-6 12h8a2 2 0 002-2v-8a2 2 0 00-2-2h-8a2 2 0 00-2 2v8a2 2 0 002 2z\">\u003C\u002Fpath>\n      \u003C\u002Fsvg>\n      \u003Cspan class=\"copy-text\">Salin\u003C\u002Fspan>\n    \u003C\u002Fbutton>\n  \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"code-block-content p-4 overflow-x-auto text-sm font-mono leading-relaxed bg-[#24292e]\">\n    \u003Cpre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color:#24292e;color:#e1e4e8\" tabindex=\"0\">\u003Ccode>\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#6A737D\">\u002F\u002F GradeIf.java\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">public\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\"> class\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#B392F0\"> GradeIf\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\"> {\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">    public\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\"> static\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\"> void\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#B392F0\"> main\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">(\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">String\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">[] \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#FFAB70\">args\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">) {\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">        int\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\"> score \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">=\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#79B8FF\"> 89\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">;\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">        String grade;\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">        if\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\"> (score \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">>=\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#79B8FF\"> 85\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">) {\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">            grade \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">=\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#9ECBFF\"> \"A\"\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">;\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">        } \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">else\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\"> if\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\"> (score \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">>=\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#79B8FF\"> 70\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">) {\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">            grade \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">=\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#9ECBFF\"> \"B\"\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">;\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">        } \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">else\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\"> if\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\"> (score \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">>=\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#79B8FF\"> 60\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">) {\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">            grade \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">=\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#9ECBFF\"> \"C\"\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">;\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">        } \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">else\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\"> {\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">            grade \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\">=\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#9ECBFF\"> \"D\"\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">;\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">        }\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">        System.out.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#B392F0\">println\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">(\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#9ECBFF\">\"score: \"\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\"> +\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\"> score);\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">        System.out.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#B392F0\">println\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">(\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#9ECBFF\">\"grade: \"\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#F97583\"> +\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\"> grade);\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">    }\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cspan class=\"line\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#E1E4E8\">}\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fcode>\u003C\u002Fpre>\n  \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"code-block-wrapper code-output my-6 not-prose rounded-xl border-2 border-black dark:border-gray-600 shadow-neo overflow-hidden text-[#e1e4e8] transition-all\" data-output-block>\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"code-block-header flex items-center justify-between px-4 py-2.5 bg-[#1f2428] border-b-2 border-black dark:border-gray-600 font-mono text-xs font-bold text-gray-300 select-none\">\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"flex items-center gap-2\">\n      \u003Cspan class=\"code-output-mark\" aria-hidden=\"true\">>_\u003C\u002Fspan>\n      \u003Cspan class=\"ml-1 font-mono font-bold text-xs uppercase tracking-wider text-gray-300\">Keluaran\u003C\u002Fspan>\n    \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n    \u003Cbutton type=\"button\" class=\"copy-code-btn flex items-center gap-1.5 px-3 py-1 text-xs font-bold bg-[#2f363d] text-gray-200 border-2 border-black dark:border-gray-500 rounded-lg shadow-neo-sm hover:translate-x-0.5 hover:translate-y-0.5 hover:shadow-none hover:bg-gray-700 transition-all cursor-pointer\" data-code=\"%24%20javac%20GradeIf.java%20%26%26%20java%20GradeIf%0Ascore%3A%2089%0Agrade%3A%20A\" title=\"Salin\">\n      \u003Csvg class=\"w-3.5 h-3.5 copy-icon-svg\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\">\n        \u003Cpath stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M8 16H6a2 2 0 01-2-2V6a2 2 0 012-2h8a2 2 0 012 2v2m-6 12h8a2 2 0 002-2v-8a2 2 0 00-2-2h-8a2 2 0 00-2 2v8a2 2 0 002 2z\">\u003C\u002Fpath>\n      \u003C\u002Fsvg>\n      \u003Cspan class=\"copy-text\">Salin\u003C\u002Fspan>\n    \u003C\u002Fbutton>\n  \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"code-block-content p-4 overflow-x-auto text-sm font-mono leading-relaxed\">\n    \u003Cpre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color:#24292e;color:#e1e4e8\">\u003Ccode>\u003Cspan class=\"code-output-cmd\">$ javac GradeIf.java && java GradeIf\u003C\u002Fspan>\nscore: 89\ngrade: A\u003C\u002Fcode>\u003C\u002Fpre>\n  \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cp>Itu A untuk 89 yang sama yang dinilai B oleh switch panah. Kedua konstruksi menjawab pertanyaan berbeda saat batasnya bukan kelipatan sepuluh. Pilih \u003Ccode>switch\u003C\u002Fcode> saat nilainya diskret dan sedikit. Pilih \u003Ccode>if\u003C\u002Fcode> saat aturannya berupa ambang.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"sebelum-artikel-berikutnya\">Sebelum artikel berikutnya\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>Buka berkas yang sudah diperbaiki dan ubah \u003Ccode>int score = 78;\u003C\u002Fcode> menjadi \u003Ccode>95\u003C\u002Fcode>. Jalankan lalu sambungkan ke checker yang sama, tanpa diubah.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>Kamu akan melihat \u003Ccode>score: 95\u003C\u002Fcode> dan \u003Ccode>grade: A\u003C\u002Fcode>, yang merupakan nilai yang benar untuk 95. Checker tetap melaporkan \u003Ccode>0 of 2 checks passed\u003C\u002Fcode>, karena ia mengharapkan \u003Ccode>score: 78\u003C\u002Fcode>. Inputnya tetap, jadi ia mensertifikasi satu input dan bukan aturannya.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>Kalau sebuah tes hanya pernah memberi satu nilai, bagian mana dari aturan penilaian yang masih belum terbukti?\u003C\u002Fp>\n","\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>\u003Ccode>switch\u003C\u002Fcode> hanya keluar dari sebuah case saat mencapai \u003Ccode>break\u003C\u002Fcode>, jadi \u003Ccode>break\u003C\u002Fcode> yang hilang ikut menjalankan pernyataan case berikutnya.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>Di program awal, \u003Ccode>case 7\u003C\u002Fcode> memberi \u003Ccode>B\u003C\u002Fcode> dan \u003Ccode>case 6\u003C\u002Fcode> menimpanya dengan \u003Ccode>C\u003C\u002Fcode>, jadi nilai 78 mencetak \u003Ccode>grade: C\u003C\u002Fcode>.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>Label yang dikelompokkan seperti \u003Ccode>case 10:\u003C\u002Fcode> dan \u003Ccode>case 9:\u003C\u002Fcode> sengaja dibiarkan jatuh ke bawah, mekanisme yang sama yang dipakai secara sengaja.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>Bentuk panah (\u003Ccode>case 8, 7 -> "B";\u003C\u002Fcode>) datang di Java 14 dan tidak bisa jatuh ke bawah, karena satu arm tidak punya pernyataan untuk dimasuki.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>\u003Ccode>score \u002F 10\u003C\u002Fcode> menaruh 89 dan 80 di keranjang yang sama, jadi aturan ambang seperti 85 ke atas butuh rantai \u003Ccode>if\u003C\u002Fcode>, bukan \u003Ccode>switch\u003C\u002Fcode>.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>Checker dengan input tetap hanya mensertifikasi satu nilai, bukan aturan penilaiannya: beri 95 dan ia melaporkan \u003Ccode>0 of 2 checks passed\u003C\u002Fcode>.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003C\u002Ful>\n",[148,171,192,197,202,219],{"id":149,"title":150,"title_id":151,"slug":152,"excerpt":153,"excerpt_id":154,"has_translation":12,"published_at":155,"reading_time":156,"hidden_from_listing":15,"tags":157,"thumbnail_image":21,"og_image":162,"series":163,"authors":168},48,"What a Linked List Actually Is","Tentang Struktur Data LinkedList","tentang-struktur-data-linked-list","A linked list is a linear chain of nodes, each holding data and a pointer to the next node. Here is what that chain looks like, what it costs next to an array, and the same minimal implementation in Java, Python, and JavaScript.","Linked list adalah rantai linear berisi node, dan setiap node menyimpan data plus pointer ke node berikutnya. Ini bentuk rantainya, ongkosnya dibanding array, dan implementasi paling sederhana dalam Java, Python, serta JavaScript.","2026-11-21T01:00:00.000Z",4,[158,159,160,161],"struktur-data","linked-list","pointer","konsep","\u002Fog\u002Ftentang-struktur-data-linked-list.png",{"id":164,"title":165,"title_id":166,"slug":167},28,"Linear Data Structures","Struktur Data Linear","asd-struktur-linear",[169],{"authors_id":170},{"id":96,"name":97,"slug":98,"role":99,"profile_picture":21},{"id":172,"title":173,"title_id":174,"slug":175,"excerpt":176,"excerpt_id":177,"has_translation":12,"published_at":178,"reading_time":179,"hidden_from_listing":15,"tags":180,"thumbnail_image":21,"og_image":183,"series":184,"authors":189},47,"Why Understanding Algorithms and Data Structures Actually Matters","Pentingnya Memahami Algoritma dan Struktur Data","pentingnya-memahami-algoritma-dan-struktur-data","An algorithm is an ordered list of steps, and that order decides how expensive a problem is. The examples are on the back of an instant noodle packet, in a factorial, and behind ctrl+z.","Sebagai konsep fundamental, algoritma menentukan seberapa mahal sebuah masalah diselesaikan. Contohnya ada di bungkus mie instan, di bilangan faktorial, dan di tombol undo.","2026-11-19T01:00:00.000Z",7,[181,158,161,182],"algoritma","dasar","\u002Fog\u002Fpentingnya-memahami-algoritma-dan-struktur-data.png",{"id":185,"title":186,"title_id":187,"slug":188},27,"About Algorithms and Data Structures","Tentang Algoritma dan Struktur Data","asd-intro",[190],{"authors_id":191},{"id":96,"name":97,"slug":98,"role":99,"profile_picture":21},{"id":101,"title":102,"title_id":103,"slug":104,"excerpt":105,"excerpt_id":106,"has_translation":12,"published_at":107,"reading_time":79,"hidden_from_listing":15,"tags":108,"thumbnail_image":21,"og_image":110,"series":193,"authors":194},{"id":85,"title":60,"title_id":61,"slug":62},[195],{"authors_id":196},{"id":96,"name":97,"slug":98,"role":99,"profile_picture":21},{"id":74,"title":90,"title_id":75,"slug":76,"excerpt":91,"excerpt_id":77,"has_translation":12,"published_at":78,"reading_time":79,"hidden_from_listing":15,"tags":80,"thumbnail_image":21,"og_image":83,"series":198,"authors":199},{"id":85,"title":60,"title_id":61,"slug":62},[200],{"authors_id":201},{"id":96,"name":97,"slug":98,"role":99,"profile_picture":21},{"id":203,"title":204,"title_id":205,"slug":206,"excerpt":207,"excerpt_id":208,"has_translation":12,"published_at":78,"reading_time":14,"hidden_from_listing":15,"tags":209,"thumbnail_image":21,"og_image":214,"series":215,"authors":216},108,"At 11 a.m. the AI Quota Runs Out, and the Work Stops There","Jam 11 siang kuota AI-nya habis, dan kerjaan berhenti di situ","jam-11-kuota-ai-habis-kerjaan-berhenti","The panel says the usage limit is reached and the work stops, not because it is finished. Three guesses explain it, and all three are wrong: the limit is shaped like a cliff, and the day is built on top of one tool.","Panel di layar bilang batas pemakaian tercapai, dan kerja berhenti di situ. Bukan karena selesai. Ada tiga tebakan kenapa ini terjadi, dan ketiganya salah: batasnya berbentuk tebing, dan harinya dibangun di atas satu alat.",[210,211,212,213],"ai","tooling","rate-limit","produktivitas","\u002Fog\u002Fjam-11-kuota-ai-habis-kerjaan-berhenti.png",{"id":24,"title":25,"title_id":26,"slug":27},[217],{"authors_id":218},{"id":96,"name":97,"slug":98,"role":99,"profile_picture":21},{"id":220,"title":221,"title_id":21,"slug":222,"excerpt":223,"excerpt_id":21,"has_translation":15,"published_at":224,"reading_time":79,"hidden_from_listing":15,"tags":225,"thumbnail_image":21,"og_image":228,"series":229,"authors":230},148,"Go Variables: the Mean That Printed 0.0","go-program-structure-and-variables","Six scores arrive, all six are added up, and Go prints a mean of 0.0. A second `total := 0` inside the `if` block is the whole bug, and the compiler that refuses unused variables has nothing to say about it.","2026-11-11T01:00:00.000Z",[226,182,227],"go","variabel","\u002Fog\u002Fgo-program-structure-and-variables.png",{"id":133,"title":56,"title_id":57,"slug":58},[231],{"authors_id":232},{"id":96,"name":97,"slug":98,"role":99,"profile_picture":21},[234,238,241,244,247,250],{"text":235,"depth":236,"id":237},"Program yang mencetak C",2,"program-yang-mencetak-c",{"text":239,"depth":236,"id":240},"Apa yang sebenarnya dilakukan break","apa-yang-sebenarnya-dilakukan-break",{"text":242,"depth":236,"id":243},"Pemeriksaan yang bisa kamu jalankan","pemeriksaan-yang-bisa-kamu-jalankan",{"text":245,"depth":236,"id":246},"Bentuk yang tidak bisa jatuh ke bawah","bentuk-yang-tidak-bisa-jatuh-ke-bawah",{"text":248,"depth":236,"id":249},"Saat batasnya bukan kelipatan sepuluh","saat-batasnya-bukan-kelipatan-sepuluh",{"text":251,"depth":236,"id":252},"Sebelum artikel berikutnya","sebelum-artikel-berikutnya",1794557078158]